Evaluation of male infertility treatment following Rhus coriaria extract administration on rats exposed to morphine
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ORIGINAL ARTICLE
Evaluation of male infertility treatment following Rhus coriaria extract administration on rats exposed to morphine Shiva Roshankhah1 · Mohammad Reza Gholami1 · Mohammad Reza Salahshoor1 Received: 8 May 2020 / Accepted: 19 July 2020 © Springer Nature B.V. 2020
Abstract Morphine is the most common analgesic drug that is widely used in post-operative interventions. This drug causes free radical accumulation leading to spermatogenesis failure. Antioxidant agents like Sumach (Rhus coriaria) neutralize cellular free radicals. In this study, the properties of antioxidative, modulative of inflammatory cytokines, and apoptotic genes following Sumach extract administration on morphine-induced fertility destruction in male Wistar rats was evaluated. Sixty-four animals were grouped (n = 8) including; 1: control, 2: morphine, 3–5: Sumach (200, 400, 800 mg/kg), and 6–8: morphine + Sumach. Hydroalcoholic extract of Sumach seeds was prepared. Treatments with Sumach extract were applied orally and intraperitoneally daily for 8 weeks. The P53, Bcl2 and caspase-3 genes expression were measured by real-time PCR. Cytokines involved in inflammation were evaluated by ELISA. Sperm parameters, total antioxidant capacity (TAC), testosterone, and germinal layer height (GLH) were assessed. All parameters (investigated in this study) in Morphine group reduced significantly than the control group (P ˂ 0.01) (except P53 and caspase-3 genes expression and inflammatory cytokine which were improved). All factors in Sumach and Sumach + Morphine groups were significantly enhanced compared to the Morphine group (P ˂ 0.01) (except P53 and caspase-3 genes expression and inflammatory cytokine which were declined). Morphine disrupted the physiological function of male fertility system. Besides, all doses of Sumach showed no therapeutic changes compared to the control group. Sumach with anti-infertility features compensates the toxic effect of Morphine administration. Keywords Infertility · Toxicity · Rhus coriaria · Morphine · Rat
Introduction Any pathological alteration in reproductive function can lead to various degrees of subfertility or complete infertility. Since the molecular pathways of fertility are the continuous process, any slight change in this system can lead to profound detrimental effects [1]. Globally, it is estimated that one in seven couples are infertile, and half of which are related to the male problems [2]. Free radicals target unsaturated fatty acids and alkylation of proteins. Free radicals * Mohammad Reza Salahshoor [email protected] Shiva Roshankhah [email protected] Mohammad Reza Gholami [email protected] 1
Department of Anatomical Sciences, Medical School, Kermanshah University of Medical Sciences, Kermanshah, Iran
could peroxide the lipid in the cell membrane, inactivate the cytoplasmic enzymes, which, finally, the necrosis occurs [3]. Reactive oxygen species (ROS) are able to arrest the cell cycle effectively and increase the rate of apoptosis by removing the molecular mediators.
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