Evaluation of the efficiency of the rainfall simulator to achieve a regional model of erosion (case study: Toroq watersh
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RESEARCH ARTICLE - HYDROLOGY
Evaluation of the efficiency of the rainfall simulator to achieve a regional model of erosion (case study: Toroq watershed in the east north of Iran) S Farajzadeh1 · M. R. Khaleghi2 Received: 16 July 2020 / Accepted: 16 September 2020 © Institute of Geophysics, Polish Academy of Sciences & Polish Academy of Sciences 2020
Abstract The purpose of this study was to obtain the regional model of erosion according to the specific climatic, adaptive, and other conditions of the Toroq watershed located in the east north of Khorasan Razavi province. To conduct this research, first, the homogeneous units were prepared using slope maps, lithology, land use, and erosion forms in a Geographic Information System environment. Then, to optimize the number of homogeneous units, the cluster analysis method was used in Statistical Product and Service Solutions (SPSS) software. The diagnostic analysis confirmed the accuracy of cluster analysis inhomogeneous regions. Field operations were carried out in homogeneous units with the establishment of a rainfall simulator and also the application of 30-min rainfall intensity with a return period of 10 years. Also, the collected soil samples were analyzed in the laboratory. After performing statistical analyses in the SPSS environment, the variables affecting erosion were determined and prioritized. Then, through the use of multivariate linear regression and step-by-step and interpolation methods, the equations for estimating the amount of erosion were determined. Finally, the multivariate linear model of plot erosion was prepared using the step-by-step method using two variables of plot slope and land use. The model was selected for estimating erosion after examining different validation methods based on less RE and less RMSE, higher R, low significance coefficient (Sig < 0.05), and also fewer inputs. Keywords Rainfall simulator · Erosion · Multivariate linear regression · Regional model
Introduction In different parts of the world, based on specific climatic, lithological, economic, and social conditions and other natural conditions, strong logical relationships have been established to estimate the amount of erosion and sediment and as a result the design of controlled structures (Khaleghi and Varvani 2018). But in the meantime, Iran’s solution is often to use imported models because of lack of efficient models. As a result, either the structures are much larger than the actual size, resulting in a massive waste of financial, human, and time resources, or they are designed to be much smaller than the actual size, resulting * M. R. Khaleghi [email protected] 1
Teheran Science and Research Branch, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran
Torbat‑E‑Jam Branch, Islamic Azad University, Torbat‑e‑Jam, Iran
2
in irreparable risks to residents as a result of the first flood. The starting point of all these events is a phenomenon called erosion. Erosion is a global challenge that seriously threatens water and soil resources. A detachment of soil particl
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