Evaluation of the ITER Real-Time Framework for Data Acquisition and Processing from Pulsed Gigasample Digitizers
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ORIGINAL RESEARCH
Evaluation of the ITER Real-Time Framework for Data Acquisition and Processing from Pulsed Gigasample Digitizers M. Kadziela1 • B. Jablonski1 • P. Perek1 • D. Makowski1 Accepted: 3 October 2020 / Published online: 3 November 2020 Ó The Author(s) 2020
Abstract Plasma diagnostics systems are becoming progressively more advanced. Contemporarily, researchers strive to achieve longer plasma pulses, and therefore, appropriate hardware is required. Analogue-to-Digital Converters are applied for data acquisition in many plasma diagnostic systems. Some diagnostic systems need data acquisition with gigahertz sampling frequency. However, gigasample digitizers working in continuous mode generate an enormous stream of data that requires suitable, high-performance processing systems. This becomes even more complicated and expensive for complex multichannel systems. Nonetheless, numerous plasma diagnostic systems operate in a pulse mode. Thomson scattering (TS) diagnostics is a good example of a multi-channel system that does not require continuous data acquisition. Taking this into consideration, the authors decided to evaluate the CAEN DT5742 gigasample digitizer as a more cost-effective solution that would utilize the pulsed nature of the TS diagnostic system. The paper presents a complete data acquisition and processing system dedicated for plasma diagnostics based on the ITER real-time framework (RTF). Integration of RTF with real hardware is discussed. The authors of the paper have developed software including RTF function block for the CAEN DT5742 digitizer, example data processing algorithms, data archiving and publishing for plasma control system. Keywords Data acquisition Data processing High-speed digitizer Real-time framework Thomson scattering diagnostics
Introduction Research facilities, such as ITER [1–4], W7-X [5–7], KSTAR [8–10], ASDEX-U [11, 12] or JET [13, 14] work on plasma diagnostic systems, which use analogue-to-digital converters (ADCs) sampling with GS/s speed. However, the application of gigasample ADCs could be expensive in such systems, especially when they require large quantities of ADC channels. Thomson scattering (TS) diagnostics is an example of such a system where highspeed digitizers are required [1, 10, 14, 15]. The operating principle behind a Thomson Scattering system is that a laser beam is injected into the plasma with a specific frequency. Subsequently, the scattered light is collected and sent to a polychromator where it is split to isolate and & M. Kadziela [email protected] 1
Department of Microelectronics and Computer Science, Lodz University of Technology, Lodz, Poland
characterize subranges of the spectrum. Then the analogue signal is digitized and further processed. Because of the significant price of gigasample digitizers, the authors proposed and tested a more cost-effective solution that would take advantage of the pulsed nature of the Thomson Scattering diagnostic system. The investigated high-speed digitize
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