Exemplary Agriculture Independent Organic Farming in Contemporary Ch

“This book will be of great interest to everyone interested in China's recent agricultural history and the future of sustainable food production in the developing world.  The author has done first-hand ethnographic research on a wide variety of topic

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Independent Organic Farming in Contemporary China Sacha Cody

Exemplary Agriculture

Sacha Cody

Exemplary Agriculture Independent Organic Farming in Contemporary China

Sacha Cody The Hong Kong University of Science and Technology Hong Kong, China

ISBN 978-981-13-3794-9    ISBN 978-981-13-3795-6 (eBook) https://doi.org/10.1007/978-981-13-3795-6 Library of Congress Control Number: 2018967954 © The Editor(s) (if applicable) and The Author(s) 2019 This work is subject to copyright. All rights are solely and exclusively licensed by the Publisher, whether the whole or part of the material is concerned, specifically the rights of translation, reprinting, reuse of illustrations, recitation, broadcasting, reproduction on microfilms or in any other physical way, and transmission or information storage and retrieval, electronic adaptation, computer software, or by similar or dissimilar methodology now known or hereafter developed. The use of general descriptive names, registered names, trademarks, service marks, etc. in this publication does not imply, even in the absence of a specific statement, that such names are exempt from the relevant protective laws and regulations and therefore free for general use. The publisher, the authors and the editors are safe to assume that the advice and information in this book are believed to be true and accurate at the date of publication. Neither the publisher nor the authors or the editors give a warranty, express or implied, with respect to the material contained herein or for any errors or omissions that may have been made. The publisher remains neutral with regard to jurisdictional claims in published maps and institutional affiliations. Cover image © Sacha Cody This Palgrave Macmillan imprint is published by the registered company Springer Nature Singapore Pte Ltd. The registered company address is: 152 Beach Road, #21-­01/04 Gateway East, Singapore 189721, Singapore

For Fran

A Note on Names

All the names of individuals in this book are pseudonyms, unless they occupy specific roles that are publicly known (e.g. manager of a farmers’ market, founder of a popular website, intellectual at a university, NGO or government-supported model organic farm, etc.). In naming my Chinese interlocutors, I follow the convention of surname first, followed by firstname.

vii

A Note on Chinese Translations

All English translations of Chinese words are from the following reference unless otherwise stated: Beijing Foreign Languages School. 1988. A Chinese-English Dictionary (Han-Ying Cidian 汉英词典). Beijing: Beijing Business Press. I use pinyin when romanising Chinese characters. I provide the Chinese characters as well when helpful.

ix

Unit Conversions

Start of fieldwork (December 2012) 1 Chinese yuan (CNY) = 0.16 US dollar (USD) 1 Chinese yuan (CNY) = 0.15 Australian dollar (AUD) End of fieldwork (June 2014) 1 Chinese yuan (CNY) = 0.16 US dollar (USD) 1 Chinese yuan (CNY) = 0.17 Australian dollar (AUD) 1 1 mu (亩) = / 15 hectare 1 jin (斤) = ½ kilogram

xi

Acknowledgments

This book is