Precision Farming: A Step Towards Sustainable, Climate-Smart Agriculture

Climate change is one of the biggest challenges of our times, and we are steadily marching towards a climate catastrophe. Among the various sectors which is fuelling the climate change through emission of greenhouse gases (GHGs), the contribution of agric

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al Climate Change: Resilient and Smart Agriculture

Global Climate Change: Resilient and Smart Agriculture

V. Venkatramanan • Shachi Shah • Ram Prasad Editors

Global Climate Change: Resilient and Smart Agriculture

Editors V. Venkatramanan School of Interdisciplinary and Transdisciplinary Studies Indira Gandhi National Open University New Delhi, Delhi, India

Shachi Shah School of Interdisciplinary and Transdisciplinary Studies Indira Gandhi National Open University New Delhi, Delhi, India

Ram Prasad Department of Botany, School of Life Sciences Mahatma Gandhi Central University Motihari, East Champaran, Bihar, India

ISBN 978-981-32-9855-2 ISBN 978-981-32-9856-9 https://doi.org/10.1007/978-981-32-9856-9

(eBook)

# Springer Nature Singapore Pte Ltd. 2020 This work is subject to copyright. All rights are reserved by the Publisher, whether the whole or part of the material is concerned, specifically the rights of translation, reprinting, reuse of illustrations, recitation, broadcasting, reproduction on microfilms or in any other physical way, and transmission or information storage and retrieval, electronic adaptation, computer software, or by similar or dissimilar methodology now known or hereafter developed. The use of general descriptive names, registered names, trademarks, service marks, etc. in this publication does not imply, even in the absence of a specific statement, that such names are exempt from the relevant protective laws and regulations and therefore free for general use. The publisher, the authors, and the editors are safe to assume that the advice and information in this book are believed to be true and accurate at the date of publication. Neither the publisher nor the authors or the editors give a warranty, expressed or implied, with respect to the material contained herein or for any errors or omissions that may have been made. The publisher remains neutral with regard to jurisdictional claims in published maps and institutional affiliations. This Springer imprint is published by the registered company Springer Nature Singapore Pte Ltd. The registered company address is: 152 Beach Road, #21-01/04 Gateway East, Singapore 189721, Singapore

Preface

Global climate change affects people, ecosystems, and livelihoods across the world. The global warming trend in the recent past is unprecedented. The global mean surface temperature has increased about 1  C above pre-industrial levels and it is likely to reach 1.5  C between 2030 and 2052 if it continues to increase at the current rate. The occurrence of extreme weather events including but not limited to floods and droughts; heat and cold waves; super cyclones; and typhoons will not be uncommon in the future. Climate change-induced risks are already observed in human and natural ecosystems. Climate-sensitive agroecosystem is no exception. The complex agriculture production systems are constrained by a multitude of factors which are primarily the products of human actions. Global climate change will exacerbate the agricultural risks through their effec