Experiment-Based Explicit Dynamics Analysis for Bird Strike Damage Prediction in Composite Structures
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TECHNICAL ARTICLE—PEER-REVIEWED
Experiment-Based Explicit Dynamics Analysis for Bird Strike Damage Prediction in Composite Structures Rayavarapu Vijaya Kumar
Submitted: 24 February 2018 Ó ASM International 2018
Abstract Bird strike analysis is a common type of analysis performed during the design and analysis of rotorcraft. These simulations are carried out in order to predict whether various designs will pass the necessary certification tests. In the past, the only way to determine whether forward-facing aeronautical composite structures could withstand bird strikes was with time-consuming physical tests. In the research of bird striking, the bird impact test is the most effective method. But the existing data of test results are highly disperse, so that they do less help for the design of aeronautical composite structures and also cost more. Tests usually needed to be repeated several times because components often failed and were required for each new design. There is a large variability in numerical bird models, composite modeling approaches and complexity of simulation processes to design the sandwich structures of an aircraft. This paper investigates the composite structures modeling for bird strike phenomenon by using state-of-the-art modeling tools capable of predicting the experiment-based composite structural damage, damage location, failure size and failure mode due to impact and addresses a critical review on analysis techniques. This paper also demonstrates the state-of-the-art bird strike simulation methodology developed, and the accuracy of modeling approaches available in explicit codes is discussed. Keywords Bird strike Composite structures Material modeling Bird deformation behavior Equation of state (EOS) R. Vijaya Kumar (&) Rotary Wing R&D Centre, Hindustan Aeronautics Limited, Bangalore 560017, India e-mail: [email protected]
Introduction Composite materials are characterized by high strength-toweight ratios and therefore are widely used in aerospace applications. As classic species of cellular materials, honeycombs have attracted a great deal of attraction for sandwich due to their outstanding properties such as high relative stiffness, strength, good insulation and light weight. Bird strike incidents cause significant flight threats to rotorcraft safety. Bird strikes to civil and military helicopters resulted in 61 human injuries and 11 lost lives since 1990. (Source: http://blogs.usda.gov/2013/06/06/helicoptersand-bird-strikes-results-from-first-analysis-available-online). The increasing number of bird–plane high-velocity impacts gives rise to new CAE methods to address aircraft safety. European Aviation Safety Agency (EASA) and Federal Aviation Administration (FAA) certify civil aircraft to meet a series of minimum standards. CS-29/FAR Part 29 prescribes identical requirements for a rotorcraft. Both require that Category A rotorcraft be capable of continued safe flight and landing after the impact. Category B rotorcraft must be capable of a safe landing after the impact.
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