Experimental evaluation of geosynthetics interface friction with a new procedure by using inclined plane
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TECHNICAL PAPER
Experimental evaluation of geosynthetics interface friction with a new procedure by using inclined plane Payman Shaykhi1 · Laurent Briançon2 · Seyed Hamid Lajevardi1 Received: 20 May 2020 / Accepted: 25 August 2020 © Springer Nature Switzerland AG 2020
Abstract One of the important applications of geosynthetics in the slopes, such as landfills and waste disposal areas, is to use them as lining systems. To create the above conditions, most geosynthetics are placed in multilayer systems in the slopes. In these cases, the interaction between the geosynthetic–geosynthetic composite system interfaces should be controlled. To characterize the friction at the geosynthetic interface, a European Standard describes the test with an inclined plane apparatus under low stress. Many studies have shown that this procedure is not able to determine the friction for many interfaces. In 2011, the “Force Procedure” was proposed to better characterize the friction angle at the geosynthetic interface. This new procedure still requires validations to be proposed to replace the existing European standard. Two new inclined planes have been developed to compare the force procedure with the displacement procedure on many geosynthetic interfaces and to confirm the interest to revise the European Standard. Keywords Laboratory test · Inclined plane · Friction angle · Geotextiles · Geomembranes · Interface List of symbols g Acceleration due to gravity (= 9.8 m/s2) F(β) Force required restraining the upper box filled with soil Fr(β) Resulting force to restrain the empty upper box GMB Geomembrane GTX Geotextile GSY Geosynthetic NGSY Reactive force balancing the normal component of the soil weight NRAIL Reactive force balancing the normal component of the upper box weight TGSY Reactive force balancing the tangential component of the soil weight
* Seyed Hamid Lajevardi sh‑lajevardi@iau‑arak.ac.ir Payman Shaykhi [email protected] Laurent Briançon laurent.briancon@insa‑lyon.fr 1
Department of Civil Engineering, Arak Branch, Islamic Azad University, Arak, Iran
INSA‑Lyon, GEOMAS, Univ. Lyon, 69621 Lyon, France
2
TRAIL Reactive force balancing the tangential component of the upper box weight WBOX Upper box weight WSOIL Weight of the soil in the upper box β Inclined plane inclination βlim Plane-inclination angle separating steps 2 and 3 in the “Force Procedure” βrupt Plane-inclination angle before the sliding β0 Plane-inclination angle at the static limit of equilibrium β50 Plane-inclination angle corresponding to an upper box displacement of 50 mm δ Friction angle at the GSY interface δstan Friction angle determined by the “Standard Displacement Procedure” γ Constant acceleration of the upper box λ Parameter representing the friction plotted along the entire friction test in the “Force Procedure”
Introduction Various types of hydraulic construction such as dams, canals and basins or waste landfills require geosynthetic lining systems on their slopes. These systems may comprise several types of ge
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