Exploration of tight oil resources based on stratigraphic paleo-tectonics during hydrocarbon generation in the Ordos Bas
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REVIEW PAPER
Exploration of tight oil resources based on stratigraphic paleo-tectonics during hydrocarbon generation in the Ordos Basin, China Gao Shengli 1 & Yang Jinxia 2 Received: 7 December 2018 / Accepted: 16 May 2019 / Published online: 13 June 2019 # The Author(s) 2019
Abstract For many years, oil resource exploration has emphasized the current structural characteristics of potential oil-bearing formations. The traditional view of the Ordos Basin has been that the slope in northern Shaanxi is a gentle westward-dipping monocline that lacks structural traps, such as anticlines. Therefore, it was assumed that structural factors could exert no control over the formation and distribution of the oil reservoirs in the Yanchang Formation. By modeling the evolution and structure of a target layer in the Chang-8 reservoir during its hydrocarbon accumulation period, combined with a comprehensive analysis of the distributional characteristics of the Chang-8 oil reservoir, we found a strong link between paleo-slopes and paleo-highs in the target layer and the modern distribution of tight oils. The paleo-structural characteristics of the target layer clearly exhibit control over the Chang8 reservoir. We have proposed a new understanding and method for tight oil exploration, which is based on the recovery of the paleo-geomorphology of the target layer during the hydrocarbon generation period. It incorporates a number of key controls over tight oil accumulation and represents an evolution in the mindset suggested for tight oil exploration in the Ordos Basin. Keywords Paleo-tectonics . Paleo-high . Chang-8 oil reservoir . Tight oil distribution . Ordos Basin
Introduction Until recently, researchers have focused on the present-day tectonic features of the Ordos Basin, believing that the North Shaanxi Slope is a gentle westward monocline that features a simple structure and a lack of structural traps for hydrocarbons, such as anticlines. The formation and distribution of reservoirs in the Yanchang Formation are generally considered to be controlled by sedimentary facies, while tectonics and other factors have little effect on the formation and distribution of reservoirs (Yang et al. 2007; Yang et al. 2013b). With the recent increase in drilling density in the region, the uplift structures of the Yanchang Formation—especially lowEditorial handling: Santanu Banerjee * Gao Shengli [email protected] 1
School of Geoscience and Engineering, Xi’an Shiyou University, Xi’an 710065, Shaanxi, China
2
School of Mathematics and Information Science, Shaanxi Normal University, Xi’an 710119, Shaanxi, China
amplitude, nose-shaped uplift structures—have been recognized as important controls on the formation and enrichment of Triassic reservoirs (Zhao et al. 2006). With the rapid exploration of tight oil resources in the Ordos Basin, the discovery of the Chang-6 reservoir in the Huaqing Area has forced researchers to acknowledge the controlling influence of structural factors (e.g., the lake basin bottom configuration) on reservoirs. The C
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