Exploring the Genetic Divergence in Mungbean ( Vigna radiata L.) Germplasm Using Multiple Molecular Marker Systems
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ORIGINAL PAPER
Exploring the Genetic Divergence in Mungbean (Vigna radiata L.) Germplasm Using Multiple Molecular Marker Systems Aqsa Tabasum1 · Amjad Hameed1 · Muhammad Jawad Asghar1 Accepted: 21 August 2020 © Springer Science+Business Media, LLC, part of Springer Nature 2020
Abstract Molecular markers are considered powerful tools to identify the potential genetic variation. Forty-two RAPD, ISSR and SSR markers were employed to characterize 21 mungbean genotypes. RAPD primers produced 79 polymorphic bands while ISSR and SSR markers amplified 21 and 6 polymorphic bands, respectively. The range for minimum and maximum number of bands was 3–13, 3–9 and 1–2 and average alleles per loci were 8.17, 4.3 and 1 for RAPD, ISSR and SSR, respectively. Highest polymorphism percentage was 100% for both ISSR and SSR while 80% for RAPD markers. The SSR-VR-303 and ISSR-UBC-810 had highest PIC values (0.44, 0.72) indicating the more discriminating power of these primers for diversity analysis. RAPD primer OPA-7 with maximum PIC value (0.26) resulted in good amplification. Jaccard’s similarity coefficient ranged between 0.50 to 1, 0.64 to 1 and 0.75 to 1 for SSR, ISSR and RAPD primers, respectively, indicating less genetic divergence among studied material. Dendrogram based on Unweighted Pair Group Method of Arithmetic Means (UPGMA) grouped mungbean genotypes into two to three major clusters for different marker system with up to 100% genetic relatedness among different cultivars. Molecular genetic divergence identified can be utilized to widen the genetic base in mungbean breeding programs. Keywords Genetic diversity · RAPD · ISSR · SSR · Mungbean
Introduction Mungbean (Vigna radiata L.) or green gram which belongs to the family leguminosae is one of the most important pulse crop. Temperate, tropical and subtropical zones of Asia are major growing areas and it is also cultivated in Australia, East Africa and South America. Mungbean is vital source of iron and protein and it also improves the nutritional status of soil through atmospheric nitrogen fixation [1, 2]. It is a short duration crop which contributes to increase the income of marginal farmers. Pulses productivity is very low and like other marginal crops erosion of genes responsible for important agronomic attributes contributing for high yield in Electronic supplementary material The online version of this article (https://doi.org/10.1007/s12033-020-00270-y) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users. * Aqsa Tabasum [email protected] 1
Nuclear Institute for Agriculture and Biology (NIAB), Jhang Road, PO Box 128, Faisalabad, Pakistan
mungbean have also been observed [3, 4]. Major constraints in achieving high yield are lack of genetic diversity, low harvest index and vulnerability to pests and diseases [5]. Genetic diversity is an essential pre-requisite for successful breeding program. Genetic analysis is helpful for devising future breeding strategies to improve quality and yield of crop plants [5]. However, due to narrow gen
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