Factors affecting in vitro regeneration of Ficus carica L. and genetic fidelity studies using molecular marker
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ORIGINAL ARTICLE
Factors affecting in vitro regeneration of Ficus carica L. and genetic fidelity studies using molecular marker M. Moniruzzaman1,2
•
Zahira Yaakob1 • Nurina Anuar1
Received: 17 May 2020 / Accepted: 19 August 2020 Ó Society for Plant Biochemistry and Biotechnology 2020
Abstract A facile method for regeneration of fig (Ficus carica L.) is in demand given the inability of the varieties having persistent type fruiting habit to produce viable seeds for germination, whereas asexual propagation features certain limitations. This article reports factor affecting in vitro regeneration of three fig cultivars, Masui Dauphine, Orphan, and A134. Ammonium nitrate, calcium chloride, sugar concentration in Murashige and Skoog (MS) medium, explants genotype, culture system (liquid or solid media), and light intensity of culture room affect regeneration. Half-calcium-modified MS (HCMS) liquid medium with 1 mg/l 6-benzylaminopurine (BAP), 0.1 mg/l naphthaleneacetic acid (NAA), and 0.02 mg/l gibberellic acid (GA3) responded well for shoot induction and proliferation. In average, 18 harvestable shoots were observed per-explant of Orphan cultivar. For elongation, HCMS liquid medium with 0.6 mg/l BAP, 0.1 mg/l NAA, and 0.1 mg/l GA3 performed well among the studied media combinations. Hormone-free regular MS liquid medium produced the highest percentage of rooted explants for all cultivars. Root induction reached 85% for Orphan. In vitro rooted plantlets were successfully acclimatized on soil. Inter simple sequence repeat marker based study for somaclonal variation detection showed genetic uniformity of regenerated and donor plants. This regeneration method may be useful for large-scale production of identical plantlets and genetic transformation studies to further improve fig. Keywords Common fig Genetic stability Liquid media Media optimization Micro-propagation Plant biotechnology Abbreviations BAP 6-Benzylaminopurine bp Base pair DNA Deoxyribonucleic acid GA3 Gibberellic acid HCMS Half-calcium-modified Murashige and Skoog IBA a-Indole-3-butyric acid ISSR Inter simple sequence repeat marker ME Media for shoot elongation MI Media for shoot induction
MR MS mg/l mm NAA PCR PGR SPSS UV %
Electronic supplementary material The online version of this article (https://doi.org/10.1007/s13562-020-00590-9) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.
Introduction
& M. Moniruzzaman [email protected] 1
Research Center for Sustainable Process Technology (CESPRO), Faculty of Engineering and Built Environment, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, 43600 Bangi, Malaysia
2
Institute of Fruit Tree Research, Guangdong Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Guangzhou 510640, China
Media for root induction Murashige and Skoog Milligram/liter Millimeter Naphthaleneacetic acid Polymerase chain reaction Plant growth regulator Statistical product and service solutions Ultra violet Percentage
The fig (Ficus carica L.) is an economically important fruit crop. Fruits bear enormous food and medicinal value (
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