Expression of CD180 in common B cell neoplasms using immunohistochemistry
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ORIGINAL ARTICLE
Expression of CD180 in common B cell neoplasms using immunohistochemistry Ahmad T. Mansour 1,2
&
Tamadur A. Mahasneh 3 & Sahar Mustafa 1 & Sarah Shawash 3 & Omar Jaber 3 & Tariq N. Adily 1
Received: 18 May 2020 / Accepted: 5 October 2020 # Springer-Verlag GmbH Germany, part of Springer Nature 2020
Abstract Diagnosis of low-grade B cell lymphoma can be challenging especially on limited cytological and histological samples, CD180 is Toll-like receptor that was found to be of value in the diagnosis of marginal zone lymphoma using flow cytometry. In this pilot study, we examine the expression of CD180, using an immunohistochemical method, on a number of common B cell lymphoproliferative neoplasms. Immunohistochemical staining for sixty-seven cases of five B cell neoplasms, specifically, marginal zone lymphoma, mantle cell lymphoma, diffuse large B cell lymphoma, follicular lymphoma, and chronic lymphocytic leukemia/small lymphocytic lymphoma was performed on archived, paraffin-embedded, formalin-fixed tissue. CD180 expression is preserved in all cases of marginal zone lymphoma, sixteen out of 17 cases of follicular lymphoma cases, and none of the diffuse large B cell lymphoma or chronic lymphocytic leukemia/small lymphocytic lymphoma cases. One in 12 cases of mantle cell lymphoma shows weak and focal staining. Using CD180 immunohistochemical stain can be valuable and offer some help in the diagnosis of B cell neoplasms, especially on small tissue samples. Keywords Marginal zone lymphoma . CD180 . Low-grade B cell lymphoma . Immunohistochemistry
Introduction CD180 is a member of the Toll-like receptor (TLR) homolog that belongs to the TLR4 family. This protein was thought to be present normally on B lymphocytes only; however, subsequent studies have demonstrated this antigen on monocytes and myeloid dendritic cells but not plasmacytoid dendritic cells [1]. Interestingly, B cells, which harbor the highest concentration of this protein, are devoid of other TLR4 proteins [2]. Targeting CD180 with anti-CD180 results in rapid proliferation and differentiation of B cells, increased production of various antibodies, affinity maturation, and immunological memories [3, 4]. * Ahmad T. Mansour [email protected] 1
2
3
Department of Pathology, Microbiology, and Forensic Medicine-School of Medicine, University of Jordan, Queen Rania Street, Amman 11942, Jordan
Previous studies have described an underexpression of this protein in several B cell lymphoproliferative neoplasms, with the exception of marginal zone lymphoma. Additionally, CD180 is lost on the circulating cells of follicular lymphoma but preserved on follicular lymphoma cells prepared from lymph node tissue [5–8]. Those studies were performed using flow cytometry to characterize CD180 expression on different B cell neoplasms. In this pilot study, we try to elucidate the expression of CD180 on several common mature B cell neoplasms using immunohistochemistry hoping it would help subclassify B cell tumors using formalin-fixed paraffin-embedded
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