Fabrication of n-TiO 2 /p-CuO thin-film heterojunction for efficient photocatalytic degradation of toxic organic dyes an
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Fabrication of n‑TiO2/p‑CuO thin‑film heterojunction for efficient photocatalytic degradation of toxic organic dyes and reduction of metal ions in solution Sk. Taheruddin Ahamed1 · Amrita Ghosh1 · Bibhutibhushan Show2 · Anup Mondal1 Received: 1 August 2019 / Accepted: 10 August 2020 © Springer Science+Business Media, LLC, part of Springer Nature 2020
Abstract The article describes the fabrication of a thin-film TiO2/CuO heterostructure on fluorine-doped tin oxide (FTO)-coated glass substrate. The phase and surface microstructures of the heterostructure were characterized using X-ray diffraction (XRD), field emission scanning electron microscope (FESEM) and atomic force microscopy (AFM) analyses. Spectroscopic analysis was carried out with a UV–Vis spectrophotometer. A p–n heterojunction was found to develop between the top layer CuO and the bottom layer TiO2; obtained through I–V measurement carried out using a KEITHLEY Semiconductor Characterization System (4200 SCS). An enhanced photodecomposition of dyes was observed for the T iO2/CuO heterostructure compared to pristine TiO2 or CuO thin films. For RhB, the photodegradations in the presence of TiO2, CuO and TiO2/CuO films, respectively, with 1 mL H 2O2 while for MB, the photodegradations with T iO2, CuO and T iO2/CuO films, respectively, with 1 mL H2O2. The photoreductions were about 23%, 78% and 95% in the presence of TiO2, CuO and TiO2/CuO films, respectively. Enhanced photodecomposition has been attributed to the facile transportation of electrons and holes in the opposite directions at the junction of CuO/TiO2 with reduced recombination of charge of carriers, which allowed rapid generation of active species (•OH radicals, O H− and •O2− ions). A faster reduction of toxic metal ions by the heterostructure was also observed compared to the single thin films.
1 Introduction Presently, water pollution has become an alarming topic and is a great concern to the civic society. Sea water and river water or any other water body are getting polluted either directly from industry effluents or slow leaching of toxic materials from other sources. The major sources of water pollution [1] are different toxic dyes from various textile industries, with numerous other organic wastes and several hazardous metal ion effluents from electroplating, leather tanning and paint industries that are ejected into Electronic supplementary material The online version of this article (https://doi.org/10.1007/s10854-020-04217-6) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users. * Anup Mondal [email protected] 1
Department of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Engineering Science & Technology, Shibpur, Howrah 711103, India
Department of Chemistry, Jadavpur University, Jadavpur, Kolkata 700032, India
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the ecosystem. Photocatalytic dye degradation using thinfilm semiconductors is a recent approach for the treatment of polluted water [2–5]. Fujishima and Honda [6] first reported the photocatalytic performance of T iO2 for the phot
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