Fabrication of novel bifunctional nanohybrid based on layered rare-earth hydroxide with magnetic and fluorescent propert

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Fabrication of novel bifunctional nanohybrid based on layered rare-earth hydroxide with magnetic and fluorescent properties Qingyang GU (✉)1,2, Jinyan LI1,2, Liangshuo JI1,2, Ruijun JU1,2, Haibo JIN1,2, and Rongyue ZHANG1,2 1 Department of Chemical Engineering, Beijing Institute of Petrochemical Technology, Beijing 102617, China 2 Beijing Key Laboratory of Fuels Cleaning and Advanced Catalytic Emission Reduction Technology, Beijing 102617, China

© Higher Education Press 2020

ABSTRACT: We demonstrate the fabrication of a novel magnetic nanohybrid involving the drug molecule 5-aminolevulinic acid (5-ALA) intercalated Gd-Eu layered rare-earth hydroxide (LRH) coated on magnesium ferrite particles (MgFe2O4). The structure, thermostability, morphology, luminescence properties, cytotoxic effect and magnetism are investigated. The 5-ALA intercalated composite may correspond to a monolayered vertical arrangement, and the thermal stability of organics is enhanced after intercalation. The LRH precursor shows red emission of Eu3+ and the maximum emission peak of the composite is at 451 nm, corresponding to the blue emission. The detection of drug molecules can be realized through the change of luminescence. The magnetic nanohybrid shows strong magnetic sensitivity, which provides an easy and efficient way to separate [email protected]:Eu0.05 particles from a sol or a suspension system and to carry drugs to targeted locations under an external magnetic field. The cytotoxic effect of MgFe2O4@LRH is observed with a sulforhodamine B (SRB) colorimetric assay, which has low cytotoxic effects on selected cells. The fabrication of novel bifunctional drug carriers based on LRH with magnetic and fluorescent properties has potential applications in drug detection and drug delivery. KEYWORDS: layered rare-earth hydroxide; magnesium ferrite; nanohybrid; magnetism; luminescence

Nowadays, numerous types of materials, including inorganic silica [1–2], carbon materials [3–4] and polymers [5], have been used as matrices for drug delivery. More and more researchers are committed to improving the delivery efficiency of drug molecules, among which inorganic materials have attracted extensive attentions [6–7]. Inorganic matrices can protect drugs and provide therapeutic and diagnostic functions as drug carriers [6,8–9]. In addition, inorganic materials can be functionalized by Received August 12, 2020; accepted September 23, 2020 E-mail: [email protected]

different organic groups and provide wide biomedical applications. The layered double hydroxide (LDH), as an anionic layered material, has shown potential applications in the research of delivering chemotherapeutic drugs and bioactive molecules to mammalian cells in vitro and in vivo [10– 12]. The LDH layer has positive charges and interlayer exchangeable anions, and drug molecules can be intercalated into the layer to form the composite, which shows good controlled release properties [13–15]. A number of studies have shown that LDH has the advantages of high drug molecular