Fabrication of PbSO 4 negative electrode of lead-acid battery with high performance
- PDF / 3,774,769 Bytes
- 6 Pages / 595.276 x 790.866 pts Page_size
- 49 Downloads / 187 Views
SHORT COMMUNICATION
Fabrication of PbSO4 negative electrode of lead-acid battery with high performance Jing Yang 1 & Chengdu Zhang 1 & Hua Zhang 1 & Fajun Li 2 & Fei Yang 1 & Shuai Ji 1 & Lixu Lei 1 Received: 30 March 2020 / Revised: 28 June 2020 / Accepted: 29 June 2020 # Springer-Verlag GmbH Germany, part of Springer Nature 2020
Abstract This paper reports the preparation and electrochemical properties of the PbSO4 negative electrode with polyvinyl alcohol (PVA) and sodium polystyrene sulfonate (PSS) as the binders. The results show that the mixture of PVA and PSS added to the PbSO4 electrode can significantly improve the specific discharge capacity of the PbSO4 electrode, which reaches 110 mAh gā1 and survives 700 cycles at full charge and discharge at 100 mA gā1. The mixture of PVA and PSS can also replace the short fibers used in conventional cells, and shortens the activation time of the electrode. Keywords PbSO4 electrode . Lead-acid battery . Polyvinyl alcohol . Sodium polystyrene sulfonate . Adhesives
Introduction Lead-acid batteries (LABs) have been a kind of indispensable and mass-produced secondary chemical power source because of their mature production process, cost-effectiveness, high safety, and recyclability [1ā3]. In the last few decades, with the development of electric vehicles and intermittent renewable energy technologies, secondary batteries such as LABs and lithium-ion batteries were required in various vehicles and energy storage equipment. To expand their market and reduce their use cost, it is urgent to improve the uniformity, energy density, and cycle life of LABs. It is well known that lead sulfate is formed on both positive and negative electrodes during discharging. However, PbSO4 had been absent in literature for many years, unless sulfation is concerned. In the last decade, we have focused on the recycling of spent LABs and realized that current metallurgical process could cause serious environmental Electronic supplementary material The online version of this article (https://doi.org/10.1007/s10008-020-04748-2) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users. * Lixu Lei [email protected] 1
School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Southeast University, Nanjing 211189, China
2
School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Suzhou University, Suzhou 234000, China
concerns and high energy consumption [4, 5]. Even if those concerns are not problems, we have noticed that the metallic lead produced from metallurgical process has to be reoxidized to produce leady oxide. The leady oxide has to be converted to basic lead sulfate during curing process, with quality of the electrodes difficult to control; thus, the metallurgical route is not very profitable and cannot lead LABs with high uniformity. Therefore, our team has carried out researches on recycling procedures banning any metallurgical processes. After more than 10 years of continuous efforts, a new recycling process has been established: (1) the spent LABs are gently and mechanically separated to
Data Loading...
