Fabrication of TiO 2 @ITO-grown nanocatalyst as efficient applicant for catalytic reduction of Eosin Y from aqueous medi
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RESEARCH ARTICLE
Fabrication of TiO2@ITO-grown nanocatalyst as efficient applicant for catalytic reduction of Eosin Y from aqueous media Abdul Hameed Pato 1 & Aamna Balouch 1,2 & Farah Naz Talpur 1 & Abdullah 1 & Pirah Panah 1 & Ali Muhammad Mahar 1 & Muhammad Saqaf Jagirani 1 & Sagar Kumar 1 & Safia Sanam 1 Received: 3 April 2020 / Accepted: 16 August 2020 # Springer-Verlag GmbH Germany, part of Springer Nature 2020
Abstract Innovative titania nanostructures were synthesized via efficient and prolific liquid phase deposition route and efficiently utilized for catalytic degradation of Eosin Y. The as-synthesized TiO2@ITO nanostructures were subjected to various characterization tactics that confirmed the efficacious fabrication of nanostructures. The minute size of particles around 5–6 nm having anatase crystalline phase and concrete like morphology was greatly revealed by atomic force microscopy, XRD, and SEM, respectively. The resulting nanoconcretes were employed for photocatalytic degradation of Eosin Y dye in aqueous medium. The effects of various experimental parameters such as the reducing agent concentration, sunlight, time, catalytic dose, and microwave power were investigated for the potential photocatalytic degradation. The proposed TiO2@ITO nanostructures showed potential photocatalytic efficiency then previously reported nanomaterial for degradation of toxic Eosin Y dye; it shows approximately 99.8% dye degraded within 50–60 s using only 100 μg of nanocatalyst under optimized conditions. Owing to minute size, topography and electron–hole pair abilities TiO2@ITO nanostructures suggest an exceptional icon at the commercial level for successful degradation of toxic pollutants. Keywords Anatase titania . Photocatalytic degradation . Eosin Y . Microwave power . LPD method
Introduction In recent decades, environmental contamination has paid off vital attention in the advanced and upgrowing countries throughout the globe due to rapid growth of industrialization. One of the major environmental pollutants are synthetic dyes, which are highly toxic for the ecosystem if they are not treated properly. Dyes are widely used in the paints, rubber, drugs, cosmetics, food, and textile industries and continuously discharged in the environment and water bodies (Gurr 2012; Mohammad 2015; Aravind et al. 2016; Li et al. 2017; Long
Responsible Editor: Sami Rtimi * Aamna Balouch [email protected] 1
National Centre of Excellence in Analytical Chemistry, University of Sindh, Jamshoro 76080, Pakistan
2
Faculty of Science and Letters, Department of Physics Engineering, Istanbul Technical University, Maslak, 34467 Sarıyer/ Istanbul, Turkey
et al. 2017; Sharma et al. 2017; Buchholcz et al. 2018). Around one Lac different dyes are prevailing in ecosystem, hence hard to make them free from toxicity due to complicated structure emerging from coal-tar-based hydrocarbons (Hasan 2008; Tan et al. 2008a, 2008b). Commonly, the dyes are considered as one of the supreme polluted variety of wastewater being discharged into the ec
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