Failure of concrete under impact: an experimental investigation and its numerical prediction
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ORIGINAL PAPER
Failure of concrete under impact: an experimental investigation and its numerical prediction S. Janani1 · A. S. Santhi1 Received: 16 July 2018 / Accepted: 16 July 2020 © Springer Nature Switzerland AG 2020
Abstract Concrete structures, such as airports, pavements, industrial floors and so on are prone to sudden, excessive and adverse loading conditions. This has become a major topic of interest for many researchers in recent years. An experimental investigation on evaluating the impact resistance of concrete is carried out as per ACI 544. 2R using concrete cubes of size 100 mm. This experimental investigation has been validated numerically with the help of concrete damaged plasticity (CDP) model using ABAQUS explicit software. The results of CDP model-based prediction were found to be in good agreement with the obtained experimental results, i.e. the initial failure (initial cracking) for plain concrete occurs at eighth blow and final failure occurs at fifteenth blow. The maximum strain absorbed by the concrete at failure is 0.00275. It is also observed that the percentage increase in strain increases drastically till 7 blows, suddenly decreases at the onset of micro-cracks at eighth blow followed by a small gradual increase in strain till 14 blows. This is followed by a decrease in strain which is an indication of failure of the concrete specimen after 15 blows. Keywords Airports · Impact resistance · Concrete damaged plasticity · Strain
Introduction Structures, such as, airports, highway pavements, railway buffers, industrial floors—foundation pads and shock absorbers, wall panels, hydraulic structures and structures for military purposes require high impact resistance and more energy absorption capacity (Zhang et al. 2017; AbdelAleem et al. 2018; Su and Xu 2013). The impact loads on these structures are not direct and as expected; they are mostly indirect, mainly due to the movement of surrounding objects striking at a greater velocity. Hurling of trees, cars or other objects moving towards building structures, vehicular impacts and bomb explosions are some of the examples of impact loads imposed on structures naturally (Ranade et al. 2017). Concrete is the second largest material used by Electronic supplementary material The online version of this article (https://doi.org/10.1007/s42107-020-00287-3) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users. * A. S. Santhi [email protected] 1
School of Civil Engineering, VIT, Vellore, Tamil Nadu, India
humans next to water (Iqbal et al. 2016). Being a basic and highly used versatile building material worldwide (Saxena et al. 2018), concrete not only has numerous advantages like low life-cycle cost, mould ability and robustness, but also has certain limitations such as weak resistance towards cracking, low tensile strength and intrinsic stiffness which do not allow it to acquire required strength, ductility and toughness leading to severe damage when subjected to extreme load conditions (Fu et al. 2018; Kumar et al. 201
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