Fatty Acid Composition of Carpinus orientalis Collected from Different Locations in Turkey
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FATTY ACID COMPOSITION OF Carpinus orientalis COLLECTED FROM DIFFERENT LOCATIONS IN TURKEY
Kagan Kokten1* and Halil Baris Ozel2
In terms of forest resources and plant biodiversity, Turkey has rich resources due to the dominance of different ecological conditions. According to the results of a study conducted on this subject, Turkey is home to 12000 plant taxa, and more than 3000 plant species are endemic plants. The endemism rate in Turkey is more than 30% [1]. This endemism rate is even higher than the overall number of plant taxa in most of the European countries. Within this scope, when the natural distribution areas of the plant species throughout the country are examined, it is seen that most of them are located in forest lands. In this respect, the forest trees have a decisive advantage over other forms of plants in terms of both species diversity and the size of the natural distribution area [2]. Even though the benefits of raw materials and other quality products provided by forest trees are known, the importance and benefits of fatty acids and other chemical compounds found in the leaves, bark, and fruit of these trees have not been fully discovered yet [3]. The studies conducted on deciduous species, which are particularly known as broadleaved, are quite insufficient compared to the studies conducted on coniferous species [4]. Nevertheless, ecological conditions and origin (location) factors, which are one of the most important components of forest genetics, also have an impact on the amount and diversity of fatty acids and other chemical components obtained from different organelles of trees, as in all other vital activities [5]. Oriental hornbeam (Carpinus orientalis Mill.), belonging to the Betulaceae family, which constitutes the subject of the study and on which the effects of locational differences on the fatty acid diversity are examined, has a wide geographic variation, and it is found in very valuable forest stands under the influence of different habitat conditions. Despite the fact that the leaves and seeds of the oriental hornbeam species with a high adaptation ability [6] have traditionally been used by humans for different purposes for many years, no research study can be found on the fatty acids of the species and their change depending on the location. For this reason, this study was conducted by means of sampling the wide natural distribution area of the species with respect to its origin. In this study, oriental hornbeam (Carpinus orientalis Mill.) leaves collected from different locations of Turkey were used to determine the fatty acid composition. The fatty acid composition of the leaves of Carpinus orientalis collected from 11 different locations was analyzed, and the results are shown in Table 1. The main components in the seed oils of these genotypes are palmitic, stearic, oleic, linoleic, and gadoleic acids. The highest acids, myristic acid, pentadecanoic acid, margaric acid, and margoleic acid, were obtained in L3 with 2.87%, 2.81%, 3.39%, and 3.16%, respectively. The lowest aci
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