Fe 2 Mo 3 O 8 nanoparticles self-assembling 3D mesoporous hollow spheres toward superior lithium storage properties
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RESEARCH ARTICLE
Fe2Mo3O8 nanoparticles self-assembling 3D mesoporous hollow spheres toward superior lithium storage properties Lifeng Zhang (✉)1,2, Yifei Song1, Weiping Wu (✉)2, Robert Bradley3,4,5, Yue Hu1, Yi Liu1, Shouwu Guo (✉)1,6 1 School of Materials Science and Engineering, Shaanxi University of Science and Technology, Xi’an 710021, China 2 Department of Electrical and Electronic Engineering, School of Mathematics, Computer Science and Engineering, City, University of London, London, EC1V 0HB, UK 3 Department of Materials, University of Oxford, Oxford, OX1 3PH, UK 4 MatSurf Technology Ltd., The Old Stables Marion Lodge, Cumbria, CA10 1NW, UK 5 School of Energy Resources, University of Wyoming, Laramie, WY 82071, USA 6 School of Electronic Information and Electrical Engineering, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200240, China
© Higher Education Press 2020
Abstract Unique self-assembled iron(II) molybdenum (IV) oxide (Fe2Mo3O8) mesoporous hollow spheres have been facilely constructed via the bubble-template-assisted hydrothermal synthesis method combined with simple calcination. The compact assembly of small nanoparticles on the surface of the hollow spheres not only provides more active sites for the Fe2Mo3O8, but also benefits the stability of the hollow structure, and thus improved the lithium storage properties of Fe2Mo3O8. The Fe2Mo3O8 mesoporous hollow spheres exhibit high initial discharge and charge capacities of 1189 and 997 mA∙h∙g –1 respectively, as well as good long-term cycling stability (866 mA∙h∙g–1 over 70 cycles) when used as a lithium-ion battery anode. This feasible material synthesis strategy will inspire the variation of structural design in other ternary metal molybdates. Keywords molybdates, Fe2Mo3O8, hollow spheres, lithium ion batteries, anodes
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Introduction
Ternary metal molybdates (M2Mo3O8) are an emerging class of important inorganic functional materials which are widely used in various fields such as electromagnetic response, corrosion inhibitors, photoelectric catalysis [1‒3]. In recent years, with the rapid development of high energy density lithium ion batteries, transition Received March 7, 2020; accepted July 6, 2020 E-mails: [email protected] (Zhang L F); [email protected] (Wu W P); [email protected] (Guo S W)
metal molybdates and tungstates (M2Mo3O8, M2W3O8 and so on) have attracted much attention as ideal candidates to substitute for the traditional graphite anode materials, due to their high theoretical capacity, low cost and structural diversity [4]. Although various M2Mo3O8 (M: Co, Mn, Zn, Fe) have been synthesized and tested as Lithium ion batteries anodes, their unfavorable microstructures such as high density, aggregated particles or platelets inevitably resulted in inferior capability and cyclability [5‒11]. Synthesis of hollow sphere structures of carbon and inorganic materials have been an effective strategy to tackle the above challenges [12‒15]. The hollow structures with large specific surface area and high porosity, can not only provid
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