Preparation and electrochemical properties of Fe/Fe 3 O 4 @r-GO composite nanocage with 3D hollow structure
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ORIGINAL PAPER
Preparation and electrochemical properties of Fe/Fe3O4@r-GO composite nanocage with 3D hollow structure Han Wu 1 & Qing Ai 1 & Canxing Yang 1 & Renzhong Huang 1 & Guodong Jiang 1,2 & Jian Xiong 1,2 & Songdong Yuan 1,2 Received: 20 December 2019 / Revised: 1 November 2020 / Accepted: 8 November 2020 # Springer-Verlag GmbH Germany, part of Springer Nature 2020
Abstract Fe/Fe3O4@r-GO composite nanocages with a hollow porous heterostructure, which look like “flower cluster,” are prepared by a mild, simple, and flexible method, followed by a thermal treatment. Metal-organic framework Prussian blue (PB), used as a precursor of Fe3O4, possesses a special hollow porous morphology, which is able to shorten transmission path and relives the mechanical stress during charge/discharge cycles. Verified by SEM and TEM characterizations, the Fe/Fe3O4 nanocage coated with uniform graphene sheets is achieved. Furthermore, XRD and XPS analysis combined with TEM results also prove that the composite is mainly composed of Fe, Fe3O4, and C. A series of electrochemical tests show that Fe/Fe3O4@r-GO composite electrodes exhibit a superior reversible capacity, rate capability, and cycling stability. The composite delivers a high reversible capability of 1200 mAh g−1 after 160 cycles at a current density of 100 mA g−1. Especially, when the current density is increased to 1000 mA g−1, the composite delivers a capacity of 455 mAh g−1. Even at a current density of 2000 mA g−1, a capacity of 355 mAh g−1 is retained. The outstanding electrochemical performances are mainly attributed to the integrity of hollow porous nanocube structure and doping of moderate graphene, which enables to promote the conductivity of electrode and build a continue network between Fe/Fe3O4 nanocubes to further accelerate ion/electron migration rate and relieve mechanical stress during cycles. Keywords Fe3O4 . Graphene . Nanocage . Heterostructure . Anode
Introduction In recent years, energy storage with high power density attracts extensive research interests because of its broad application prospects in urban rail transit, electric vehicles, power grid, etc. As the key to the development of this nextgeneration energy storage, researches on new electrode materials and various hybrid nanostructures become imminent and noteworthy. In the past few decades, graphite electrode, due to its outstanding cycle stability and relatively low production cost, is widely used as commercial lithium-ion battery (LIB) anode in consumer electronics, medical devices, and public
* Songdong Yuan [email protected] 1
Hubei Collaborative Innovation Center for High-efficiency Utilization of Solar Energy, Hubei University of Technology, Wuhan 430068, People’s Republic of China
2
The Synergistic Innovation Center of Catalysis Materials of Hubei Province, Wuhan 430068, People’s Republic of China
transit applicants, making it the most popular LIB electrode material [1–4]. With the rapid development of LIB in the above industries, recharge rate and endurance become two crucial
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