Hollow TiO 2 spheres wrapped in graphene nanosheets as advanced polysulfide barrier for superior electrochemical perform
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ORIGINAL PAPER
Hollow TiO2 spheres wrapped in graphene nanosheets as advanced polysulfide barrier for superior electrochemical performance lithium-sulfur batteries Jianmei Han 1 Received: 5 August 2020 / Revised: 1 September 2020 / Accepted: 2 September 2020 # Springer-Verlag GmbH Germany, part of Springer Nature 2020
Abstract To meet the increasing demands of electric applications, lithium-sulfur batteries are promising energy storage systems due to their high specific capacity and energy density. However, some obstacles still hinder the practical use of lithium-sulfur batteries, which are mainly caused by the poor electronic conductivity and polysulfide migration. To deal with these problems, hollow TiO2 spheres wrapped in graphene (HTOS/G) composites are developed and used as host materials for sulfur particles. Due to the synthetic effect of improving electronic conductivity and inhibiting the polysulfide migration by employing HTOS/G as host materials, the as-prepared HTOS/G-S composites exhibit high specific capacity and excellent cycling stability. The initial specific capacity is as high as 1263 mAh g−1 at 0.1C. The HTOS/G-S composites display high capacity retention of 87.8% after 300 cycles at the current density of 2C. Keywords Electrochemical performance . TiO2 spheres . Graphene . Polysulfide . Cycling stability
Introduction With the rapid development of science and technology, energy consumption is becoming more and more during the past decades [1–3]. As we all know, the traditional energies, such as oil, coal, and gas, are finite and unsustainable in the earth [4–6]. Therefore, it is urgent to develop new energy storage systems to replace the traditional energies [7]. In the past year, lithium-ion batteries attracted much attention for the researchers all over the world due to their superior electrochemical performance [8]. Lithiumion batteries have been applied in many areas, including electric vehicles, unmanned drone, and other electronic mechanics [9, 10]. And great achievements have been obtained for the development of lithium-ion batteries [11]. However, with the increasing demand for much higher energy density, the traditional lithium-ion batteries cannot meet the requirement [12, 13]. As a Electronic supplementary material The online version of this article (https://doi.org/10.1007/s11581-020-03771-7) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users. * Jianmei Han [email protected] 1
Department of Electrical and Mechanical Engineering, Yongcheng Vocational College, Yongcheng 476600, China
result, the lithium-sulfur batteries become a hot research topic for the researchers [14]. The specific capacity and energy density for Li-S batteries are 1675 mAh g−1 and 2600 Wh kg−1, respectively, which is much higher than the present lithium-ion batteries [15]. Although lithium-sulfur batteries have many advantages, some issues still exist to hinder their practical application [16]. On one hand, the poor electronic conductivity limits the active material utilization and cause
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