Fecal cultivable aerobic microbiota of dairy cows and calves acting as reservoir of clinically relevant antimicrobial re
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VETERINARY MICROBIOLOGY - RESEARCH PAPER
Fecal cultivable aerobic microbiota of dairy cows and calves acting as reservoir of clinically relevant antimicrobial resistance genes João Pedro Rueda Furlan 1 & Lucas David Rodrigues dos Santos 1 Inara Fernanda Lage Gallo 1 & Eliana Guedes Stehling 1,2
&
Micaela Santana Ramos 1 &
Received: 10 July 2019 / Accepted: 21 March 2020 # Sociedade Brasileira de Microbiologia 2020
Abstract Antimicrobial resistance has become a global threat to public health since multidrug-resistant (MDR) bacteria have been reported worldwide carrying different antimicrobial resistance genes (ARGs), and animals have been described as a reservoir of ARGs. The presence of antimicrobial-resistant bacteria and ARGs in the food matrix is a risk to public health. This study aimed to research the presence of clinically relevant ARGs for important antimicrobials and genetic elements in fecal samples from dairy cows and calves on a Brazilian farm. In this study, a total of 21 fecal samples were collected, and then, the DNA of cultivable aerobic bacteria was extracted. Fifty-seven ARGs and twenty-three genetic elements were researched by PCR and confirmed by sequencing. Several ARGs that confer resistance to β-lactams, tetracyclines, fluoroquinolones, sulphonamides, phenicols, aminoglycoside, glycopeptides, and macrolides were detected. A total of 200 amplicons from 23 ARGs (blaCTX-M-Gp2, blaCMY, blaSHV, tetA, tetB, tetC, qepA, qnrB, qnrS, oqxA, oqxB, vanC1, vanC2/3, aadA, sul1, sul2, sul3, ermB, mefAE, floR, cmlA, aadA, aph(3′)-Ia, aac(3′)-Ia), and 145 amplicons from 12 genetic elements (IncF, IncFIA, IncFIB, IncI1, IncY, IncU, IncK, IncP, IncR, IncHI1, ColE-like, intI1) were detected. The results presented in this study call attention to the monitoring of antimicrobial resistance in dairy farms worldwide. MDR bacteria and ARGs can spread to different sources, including milk products, which are one of the most consumed products worldwide, representing a potential risk to human health. Keywords Antimicrobial resistance . β-Lactamases . Plasmids . Dairy cows
Introduction Antimicrobial resistance has become a global threat to public health, and some antimicrobial-resistant bacteria are classified as priority pathogens by the World Health Organization (WHO), such as extended-spectrum β-lactamases (ESBL)-
Responsible Editor: Nilton Lincopan. Electronic supplementary material The online version of this article (https://doi.org/10.1007/s42770-020-00265-6) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users. * Eliana Guedes Stehling [email protected] 1
Departamento de Análises Clínicas, Toxicológicas e Bromatológicas, Faculdade de Ciências Farmacêuticas de Ribeirão Preto, Universidade de São Paulo (USP), Ribeirão Preto, Brazil
2
Present address: Ribeirão Preto, Brazil
producing Enterobacteriaceae, fluoroquinolone-resistant Salmonellae, fluoroquinolone-resistant Campylobacter spp., methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA), and vancomycin-resistant enterococci (VRE) [1]. These p
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