Field evaluation and fiber analysis of transgenic cotton
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J. Crop Sci. Biotech. 2009 (September) 12 (3) : 135 ~ 141 DOI No. 10.1007/s12892-009-0112-x RESEARCH ARTICLE
Field Evaluation and Fiber Analysis of Transgenic Cotton Bushra Rashid*, Ghazanfar Ali Khan, Tayyab Husnain, Sheikh Riazuddin National Centre of Excellence in Molecular Biology, 87-W.Canal Bank Road Thokar Niaz Baig, Lahore-53700, Pakistan
Received: August 1, 2009 / Accepted: August 18, 2009 Ⓒ Korean Society of Crop Science and Springer 2009
Abstract We report the field evaluation of second generation of transgenic cotton expressing Bacillus thuringiensis (Bt) genes cry1Ac and cry2A under CaMV 35S promoter. Sixty-five transgenic lines were grown under RCBD design. Transgenic plants exhibited inherent ability to resist target insect (p < 0.05 and 0.01). Morphological studies showed significant reduction in plant height making them favorable for breeding. Yield was significantly increased for the transgenic lines. Fiber analysis showed improved gin turn out 40% for transgenic lines in comparison to 32% for non-transformed lines. Fibre quality of transgenic lines was not affected when compared with non transgenic lines. Inheritance pattern for transgenic lines suggests the need of further studies to understand the complex molecular mechanisms for resistance management and biosafety studies to develop new Bt cotton varieties. Key words: cry1Ac, cry2A, insect resistance, dual Bt cotton, field studies, fiber Abreviations: RCBD-Randomized complete block design, ANOVA-Analysis of variance, GTO-Gin turn out, CCRI-Central Cotton Research Institute
Introduction The area for cultivation of genetically modified crops has increased dramatically since their commercialization. Food and feed safety as well as no specific influence of GM crops on biodiversity of commercialized transgenic crops have been confirmed in many countries (Konagaya et al. 2008). Bacillus thuringiensis (Bt), genetically introduced toxins provide high levels of protection in cotton plants from certain lepidopteran insect pests “Ban” ( Banergee and Martin 2008). Cry proteins differ completely in their modes of action from synthetic chemical pesticides, and specificity of cry1 proteins to Lepidoptera makes these proteins important components in integrated pest management strategies and managing insect resistance. Several cry genes have been introduced into plants, starting with tobacco (Barton et al. 1987) and now include cotton (Greenplate et al. 2003; Rajasekaran et al. 2000; Wu et al. 2002; Zapata 1999). Bt cotton was introduced into USA (1996), Australia
Bushra Rashid ( ) E-mail: [email protected] Tel: +91-42-5293141-46, Ext. 142
The Korean Society of Crop Science
(1996), Argentina (1997), China (1997), Mexico (1998), South Africa (1998), Colombia (2002), and India (2002). In some cases the beneficiary farmers were resource-poor farmers from developing countries, whose increased incomes from biotech crops contributed to the alleviation of poverty. The continuing rapid adoption of biotech crops is attributed the substantial improvements in
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