Modified Cotton Fiber Surface for Apatite Growth and Cell Affinity
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0920-S04-03
Modified Cotton Fiber Surface for Apatite Growth and Cell Affinity Bin Fei1, Shing Shun Tony To2, Kaihong Qi1, and John H. Xin1 Institute of Textiles & Clothing, The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Hong Kong, Chi na, People's Republic of 2 Department of Health Technology and Informatics, The Hong Kong Polytechnic Univers ity, Hong Kong, China, People's Republic of 1
ABSTRACT In order to bring widely distributed polysaccharides materials into more medical applications, cotton fiber surfaces were modified into substrates for apatite deposition. Using a solid phase reaction, cotton fibers were conveniently carboxylated in large scale. The carboxylated cotton fibers were coated by apatite in a biomimetic way. Through soaking in a concentrated simulated body fluid (SBF x 5), nano-size apatite particles rapidly and finely grew on the fiber surfaces. The nucleation and growth of apatite was investigated with the aid of scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS). In comparison to pure cotton, the cotton coated with apatite showed improved cell affinity to osteoblast-like cells. INTRODUCTION Polysaccharides occur naturally in abundant quantity, and their composites with apatite have been of significant interest for biomedical application [1,2]. In particular, cotton fibers are light, flexible and tough materials that can be easily woven into various structures and shapes. Therefore, they may be developed into complex bone templates and ligament substitutes. Although their surfaces may induce inflammation when directly implanted into the bone marrow, their osteoconductivity can be improved and the inflammation can be avoided by coating with apatite, as reported on chitosan/apatite composite [3]. Studying these coating procedures helps in understanding the biomineralization processes and the design of biomaterials that more closely resemble the natural tissues. It is known that the biomineralization of apatite in some bacterial organisms depends on the polysaccharides with carboxyl groups, and progress in discovering precisely how the polysaccharides function has been made with coccolithophores [4]. Following the natural biomineralization mechanism, biomimetic apatite could be deposited onto carboxylated polysaccharides. Kokubo et al. [2] has realized the biomimetic deposition of apatite on chitin fabric after the chitin was carboxymethylated. However, their carboxymethylation method involved large quantity of volatile organic solvents with unpleasant smell and complicated separation processes. In this study, a more facile modification method for polysaccharide fibers was provided, and bonelike apatite was more rapidly and finely deposited on the fiber surfaces in a concentrated simulated body fluid (SBF) solution (SBF x 5). The surface of formed apatite was studied in detail, and the cell response to it was preliminarily assayed with osteoblast-like cells. EXPERIMENT Modification of cotton fiber surface Plain cotton fabric (15 tex, bleached woven fabric with a weight density
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