First report of postharvest fruit rot of Physalis pubescens in China caused by Phoma pomorum
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First report of postharvest fruit rot of Physalis pubescens in China caused by Phoma pomorum Yanbo Liang 1 & Renjie Zhang 2 & Huaiyu Liu 3 & Yanming Hou 1 Received: 17 July 2019 / Accepted: 24 March 2020 # Società Italiana di Patologia Vegetale (S.I.Pa.V.) 2020
Keywords Postharvest fruit rot . Physalis pubescens . Phoma pomorum . China
Physalis pubescens (Solanaceae) is a species of flowering plant which integrates edible and medicinal in the nightshade family. In 2017–2018, fruit rot disease occurred on postharvest Physalis pubescens (cv. Hajinlong) and stored in a commercial storage in Harbin, China, with an incidence of 10– 30% of 5000 kg from three growing areas. Infected fruits showed a little black spot, slightly sunken and then enlarged gradually up to 5–10 mm in diameter with gray-black mycelium. Ten pieces of symptomatic fruit tissues from the lesion margin were surface disinfested and cultured on potato dextrose agar (PDA) at 26 °C in darkness. Colony of fungal cultures from all diseased tissues were lanose to somewhat felty, smoky gray to olivaceous green, remaining whitish at the center and with a pale, even margin, aerial mycelium abundant on PDA. Unicellular hyaline conidia were oblong with obtuse ends or narrowly ellipsoid, continuous, guttulate, measured 3.9–5.8 μm × 1.8–2.6 μm (Sørensen et al. 2013). ITS and Act gene of a representative isolate G2 were amplified, respectively (White et al. 1990; Aveskamp et al. 2009). The sequences (accession Nos. MH620799 for ITS and MN701176 for Act) showed 98% and 100% identity to the sequence of Phoma pomorum strains (MH861278 and FJ426943.1). To validate Koch’s postulates, ten P. pubescens fruits (cv. Hajinlong) were surface disinfested and stab-wounded with
* Yanming Hou [email protected] 1
Department of Economic Management, Heilongjiang Agricultural Engineering Vocational College, Harbin 150088, People’s Republic of China
2
Mudanjiang University, Mudanjiang 157000, People’s Republic of China
3
Qiqihar Quality and Safety Inspection Center of Agricultural Products, Qiqihar 161000, People’s Republic of China
a sterile needle and inoculated with conidia suspension of G2 (30 μl/fruit, 106 spores/ml). Sterile water was used as a negative control. All fruits were placed in a humidified chamber at 26 °C for 10 days in dark. All inoculated fruits showed symptoms identical to those observed in storage for 15 days after inoculation. The pathogen was re-isolated and confirmed to be P. pomorum based on morphological characteristics and molecular assays. To our knowledge, this is the first report confirming P. pomorum causing disease on postharvest P. pubescens in China.
References Aveskamp MM, Verkley GJM, de Gruyter J, Murace MA, Perelló A, Woudenberg JHC, Crous PW (2009) DNA phylogeny reveals polyphyly of Phoma section Peyronellaea and multiple taxonomic novelties. Mycologia 101:363–382 Sørensen JL, Aveskamp MM, Thrane U, Andersen B (2013) Chemical characterization of Phoma pomorum isolated from Danish maize. Int J Food Microbiol 136:310–317
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