First report of sweet potato feathery mottle virus infecting Amaranthus blitum in China
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First report of sweet potato feathery mottle virus infecting Amaranthus blitum in China Fumei Zhao 1,2,3 & Zhenchen Zhang 1,3 & Honglian Li 2 & Qi Qiao 1,3 & Shuang Wang 1,3 & Yuting Tian 1,3 & Yongjiang Wang 1,3 & Yanhong Qin 1,3 & Desheng Zhang 1,3 Received: 29 September 2019 / Accepted: 27 February 2020 # Società Italiana di Patologia Vegetale (S.I.Pa.V.) 2020
Keywords Sweet potato feathery mottle virus . Amaranthus blitum . RT-PCR
Sweet potato feathery mottle virus (SPFMV, genus Potyvirus) is the most common viral agent of cultivated sweet potato worldwide. SPFMV alone causes no or mild symptoms in most sweet potato cultivars, while the co-infection with sweet potato chlorotic stunt virus causes sweet potato virus disease (SPVD), the most serious disease in sweet potato globally (Clark et al. 2012). Weed species had previously reported to act as natural hosts for SPFMV (Tugume et al. 2008). In April 2019, seven plants of the three most common weed species, namely, Amaranthus blitum (four), Convolvulus arvensis (two) and Chenopodium album (one), were randomly collected in a field planting sweet potato seedlings in Xinxiang, Henan Province, China. SPFMV was tested in all samples by RT-PCR with a SPFMV-specific primer set (SPFMV-F1, 5′-TGGGGTTATGATGAACTTCTTC-3′; SPFMV-R1, 5′TTCTGGAATGRYTGCGGGTTG-3′). An approximately 400-bp product of the expected size was obtained in one A. blitum plant displaying mottle symptoms on leaves and sequenced. The resulting 405-bp sequence was deposited in GenBank (accession No. MK953929) and analyzed by BLASTn, showing a 97.28% nucleotide sequence (nt) identity to SPFMV isolate TM64B (MF572053). The presence of
SPFMV in A. blitum was further confirmed by a nitrocellulose membrane enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay with rabbit polyclonal anti-SPFMV antibodies (Zhang et al. 2000). Additionally, using sap from SPFMV-infected A. blitum, mechanically inoculated Ipomoea setosa plants were asymptomatic, but positive for SPFMV by RT-PCR. To examine the incidence of SPFMV in A. blitum, 26 plant samples were collected from four different sweet potato fields in Henan Province in July 2019. SPFMV, showing a 19.23% (5/26) of incidence, was detected in both symptomatic (mottling and mosaic) and asymptomatic plants from three surveyed fields by RT-PCR using primer set SPFMV-F1/R1. Sequencing of the five amplified fragments generated four distinct SPFMV sequences (MN508224-MN508227). The nt identity of 85.93–100.00% was obtained when comparing the sequences of PCR amplicons from the six SPFMV-infected samples, suggesting the genetic diversity of SPFMV in A. blitum plants. To our knowledge, this is the first report of SPFMV infecting Amaranthus blitum.
Electronic supplementary material The online version of this article (https://doi.org/10.1007/s42161-020-00533-2) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.
Clark CA, Davis JA, Abad JA, Cuellar WJ, Fuentes S, Kreuze JF, Gibson RW, Mukasa SB, Tugume AK, Tairo FD, Valkonen JPT (2012) Sweetpotato viruses: 15
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