Flexible Conductive Anodes Based on 3D Hierarchical Sn/NS-CNFs@rGO Network for Sodium-Ion Batteries
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ARTICLE
Cite as Nano-Micro Lett. (2019) 11:63 Received: 27 May 2019 Accepted: 12 July 2019 © The Author(s) 2019
https://doi.org/10.1007/s40820-019-0294-9
Flexible Conductive Anodes Based on 3D Hierarchical Sn/NS‑CNFs@rGO Network for Sodium‑Ion Batteries Linqu Luo1, Jianjun Song1 *, Longfei Song1, Hongchao Zhang1, Yicheng Bi2, Lei Liu3, Longwei Yin4, Fengyun Wang1 *, Guoxiu Wang5 * * Jianjun Song, [email protected]; Fengyun Wang, [email protected]; Guoxiu Wang, [email protected] 1 College of Physics and State Key Laboratory of Bio‑Fibers and Eco‑Textiles, Qingdao University, Qingdao 266071, People’s Republic of China 2 College of Electromechanical Engineering, Qingdao University of Science and Technology, No. 99 Songling Road, Qingdao 260061, Shandong, People’s Republic of China 3
4
5
School of Materials Science and Engineering, Shandong University of Science and Technology, Qingdao 266590, People’s Republic of China School of Materials Science and Engineering, Shandong University, Jinan 250061, People’s Republic of China Centre for Clean Energy Technology, University of Technology Sydney, Broadway, Sydney, NSW 2007, Australia
HIGHLIGHTS • 3D hierarchical conductive Sn quantum dots encapsulated in N,S co-doped carbon nanofibers sheathed within rGO scrolls (Sn/NSCNFs@rGO) were prepared through an electrospinning process. • Flexible Sn/NS-CNFs@rGO electrode exhibits superior long-term cycling stability and high-rate capability in sodium-ion batteries. ABSTRACT Metallic Sn has provoked tremendous progress as an anode
Na+
material for sodium-ion batteries (SIBs). However, Sn anodes suffer from
a dramatic capacity fading, owing to pulverization induced by drastic volume expansion during cycling. Herein, a flexible three-dimensional e−
(3D) hierarchical conductive network electrode is designed by construct‑ ing Sn quantum dots (QDs) encapsulated in one-dimensional N,S co-
So
di
doped carbon nanofibers (NS-CNFs) sheathed within two-dimensional (2D) reduced graphene oxide (rGO) scrolls. In this ingenious strategy,
as electrical roads and “bridges” among NS-CNFs to improve the con‑ ductivity of the electrode and enlarge the contact area with electrolyte.
Na
rGO
S
e−
n
tio
ia
d so
n
De e−
e− +
N
io
Na+
1D NS-CNFs are regarded as building blocks to prevent the aggregation and pulverization of Sn QDs during sodiation/desodiation, 2D rGO acts
Sn
at
Na
+
e− Na+
Na+
e−
e
−
Na+
Na+
e−
Sn/NS-CNFs
Because of the unique structural merits, the flexible 3D hierarchical conductive network was directly used as binder- and current collector-
free anode for SIBs, exhibiting ultra-long cycling life (373 mAh g−1 after 5000 cycles at 1 A g−1), and excellent high-rate capability (189 mAh g−1 at 10 A g−1). This work provides a facile and efficient engineering method to construct 3D hierarchical conductive electrodes
for other flexible energy storage devices. KEYWORDS Flexible electrodes; N,S co-doped carbon nanofibers; Reduced graphene oxide; Sn quantum dots; Sodium-ion batterie
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