Fractionation of coal through organo-separative refining for enhancing its potential for the CO 2 -gasification
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Fractionation of coal through organo-separative refining for enhancing its potential for the CO2-gasification Heena Dhawan1 D. K. Sharma1
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Rohit Kumar2 • Sreedevi Upadhyayula2 • K. K. Pant2
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Received: 12 December 2019 / Revised: 24 February 2020 / Accepted: 6 July 2020 The Author(s) 2020
Abstract Coal gasification has already been extensively studied earlier under varying conditions of steam, CO2, O2, inert conditions. Belbaid coal and its e, N and NMP-DETA SCC products recovered through organo-refining under milder ambient pressure conditions were subjected to CO2-gasification in a fixed bed reactor under varying conditions. CO2 being an inert gas becomes the most challenging to be utilized during the gasification process. The SCCs showed better CO2gasification reactivity than the raw Belbaid coal at 900 C. The use of the catalyst K2CO3 tremendously increased the gasification reactivity for both raw coal and the SCCs. The use of sugarcane bagasse for CO2-gasification along with raw coal as well as with residual coal was also studied. Gasification under CO2 atmosphere conditions was used to structurally understand the coals as the coal structure gets loosened after extraction. Keywords Coal Solvent extraction CO2 gasification Catalyst
1 Introduction The direct use of coal is resulting in the generation of CO2, a green house gas responsible for the climate change and consequent problems (Sharma et al. 2008). Since a large reserves of coal are available as an organic feedstock world over it is logical to think about the exploitation of coal as a source of chemicals, materials, products etc. besides of course as a cleaner fuel after refining (Sharma and Dhawan 2018). Coal is a contaminated organic feedstock, however, it is possible to produce super clean coal that is a refined coal having almost zero ash contents through separativeorgano refining techniques under milder ambient pressure contents (Dhawan et al. 2018; Sharma and Dhawan 2018). Though the process is economically not viable but this
& Heena Dhawan [email protected] 1
Centre for Energy Studies, Indian Institute of Technology Delhi, New Delhi 110016, India
2
Department of Chemical Engineering, Indian Institute of Technology Delhi, New Delhi 110016, India
holds a great potential for future research and later exploitation to obtain value added chemicals, materials and cleaner fuels. Recently, Sharma et al. (2019) have reported the studies on pyrolysis-GCMS of the super clean coal (SCC) obtained from the organo-refining of coals. This process can help in producing cleaner feedstocks for industrial applications in future. Separative organo refining of coal process can help in easier recovery of costly organic solvents in the direct liquefaction of SCC through hydrogenation. SCC can also be gasified to obtain syn-gas for use in the Fischer–Tropsch synthesis or for the production of methanol. Potential of the gasification of SCC in the integrated gasification combined cycle power generation has also been highlighted by Sharma and Giri (201
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