Framework to estimate the soil-water characteristic curve for soils with different void ratios
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ORIGINAL PAPER
Framework to estimate the soil-water characteristic curve for soils with different void ratios Qian Zhai 1
&
Harianto Rahardjo 2 & Alfrendo Satyanaga 2 & Guoliang Dai 1 & Yan Zhuang 1
Received: 8 January 2020 / Accepted: 26 April 2020 # Springer-Verlag GmbH Germany, part of Springer Nature 2020
Abstract The soil-water characteristic curve (SWCC) contains information regarding the geometric pore space in a soil and is commonly used to estimate unsaturated soil properties, such as unsaturated hydraulic conductivity and unsaturated shear strength. Soil volume change can significantly affect the SWCC and the engineering properties of soil. Different SWCCs can be obtained if the soil specimens are prepared with different initial void ratios. The volumetric shrinkage curve (VSC) is commonly used to convert the SWCC in the form of gravimetric water content (w-SWCC) into a curve that is in the form of degree of saturation (S-SWCC). In this paper, a framework is developed in which different S-SWCCs are generated based on the measured w-SWCC of soil in a relatively loose condition and the VSC. The proposed framework is based on the concept of the pore size distribution function (PSDF). The estimated SWCCs corresponding to different initial void ratios from the proposed framework were verified by using experimental data from published studies. Keywords Soil-water characteristic curve . Volumetric shrinkage curve . Pore-size distribution function . Framework . Soil volume change
Introduction Different soil-water characteristic curves (SWCC) can be obtained if the soil specimens are prepared under different initial void ratios (Birle et al. 2008, Pham and Fredlund 2011; Gao et al. 2016 Gao and Sun 2017, Al-Dakheeli and Bulut 2019, Gao et al. 2019). Various models have been proposed for the
* Qian Zhai [email protected] Harianto Rahardjo [email protected] Alfrendo Satyanaga [email protected] Guoliang Dai [email protected]
estimation of different SWCCs corresponding to different void ratios (Romero and Vaunat 2000; Sun et al. 2007; Zhou et al. 2012; Zhou et al. 2014; Zhou and Ng 2014; Mendes and Toll 2016; Wijaya and Leong 2017; Gao et al. 2019, and Roy and Rajesh 2020). Recently, the works from Fredlund and Houston (2013), Tripathy et al. (2002), Tripathy et al. (2014), Fredlund (2015), Fredlund (2017), and Lu and Dong (2017) advocated that the volumetric shrinkage curve (VSC) could be used to estimate the SWCC by considering the soil volume change. It seems that the VSC has rarely been used for estimating the variation in the SWCC due to the changes in void ratio. In this paper, both the measured SWCC in the form of gravimetric water content (w-SWCC) and the VSC of soil in a loose condition are used as the input information for the estimation of the w-SWCCs of soil under different void ratios. The proposed methodology was verified with experimental data from published studies. The proposed framework provides an alternative method for the rapid estimation of the SWCC of soils with different void ra
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