Fundamentals of Biofuels Engineering and Technology

This book explores the use of biomass as an energy source and its application in energy conversion technologies.Focusing on the challenges of, and technologies related to, biomass conversion, the book is divided into three parts. The first part underlines

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Cataldo De Blasio

Fundamentals of Biofuels Engineering and Technology

Green Energy and Technology

Climate change, environmental impact and the limited natural resources urge scientific research and novel technical solutions. The monograph series Green Energy and Technology serves as a publishing platform for scientific and technological approaches to “green”—i.e. environmentally friendly and sustainable—technologies. While a focus lies on energy and power supply, it also covers “green” solutions in industrial engineering and engineering design. Green Energy and Technology addresses researchers, advanced students, technical consultants as well as decision makers in industries and politics. Hence, the level of presentation spans from instructional to highly technical. **Indexed in Scopus**.

More information about this series at http://www.springer.com/series/8059

Cataldo De Blasio

Fundamentals of Biofuels Engineering and Technology

123

Cataldo De Blasio Laboratory of Energy Technology Faculty of Science and Engineering Åbo Akademi University Vaasa, Finland

ISSN 1865-3529 ISSN 1865-3537 (electronic) Green Energy and Technology ISBN 978-3-030-11598-2 ISBN 978-3-030-11599-9 (eBook) https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-11599-9 Library of Congress Control Number: 2019934516 © Springer Nature Switzerland AG 2019 This work is subject to copyright. All rights are reserved by the Publisher, whether the whole or part of the material is concerned, specifically the rights of translation, reprinting, reuse of illustrations, recitation, broadcasting, reproduction on microfilms or in any other physical way, and transmission or information storage and retrieval, electronic adaptation, computer software, or by similar or dissimilar methodology now known or hereafter developed. The use of general descriptive names, registered names, trademarks, service marks, etc. in this publication does not imply, even in the absence of a specific statement, that such names are exempt from the relevant protective laws and regulations and therefore free for general use. The publisher, the authors and the editors are safe to assume that the advice and information in this book are believed to be true and accurate at the date of publication. Neither the publisher nor the authors or the editors give a warranty, express or implied, with respect to the material contained herein or for any errors or omissions that may have been made. The publisher remains neutral with regard to jurisdictional claims in published maps and institutional affiliations. This Springer imprint is published by the registered company Springer Nature Switzerland AG The registered company address is: Gewerbestrasse 11, 6330 Cham, Switzerland

A Daniel Lucas Ettore e Stefan Louis Emanuel. Siete la mia vita, Papà.

Preface

Biomass and waste have become of much interest in recent years for their usage in power conversion processes. Biomass is considered as a renewable source of energy, and therefore, it is assumed usually as environmentally friendly to utilize biomass in power pla