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REPORT

GAP‐43 in Neural Development and Plasticity

N. I. Perrone‐Bizzozero . D. C. Tanner

1 GAP‐43: from Gene to Protein . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 316 1.1 Mechanisms of Gene Regulation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 316 1.2 Structural Domains in GAP‐43 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 318 2 GAP‐43 Function: from Growth Cones to Mature Synapses . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 318 2.1 GAP‐43 and Growth Cone Motility . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 318 2.2 GAP‐43 and Synaptic Release . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 318 3 The Role of GAP‐43 in Nervous System Development . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 320 3.1 Expression of GAP‐43 in Developing Neurons . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 320 3.2 Involvement of GAP‐43 in Neural Circuitry . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 320 4 4.1 4.2 4.3

Function of GAP‐43 in the Mature Nervous System . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 321 Patterns of GAP‐43 Expression in the Adult Brain . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 321 Role of GAP‐43 in Synaptic Plasticity . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 321 GAP‐43 and Nerve Regeneration . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 321

5 GAP‐43 in Disease States . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 322 5.1 GAP‐43 and Schizophrenia . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 322 5.2 GAP‐43 and Other Neuropsychiatric Disorders . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 323 6

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Concluding Remarks

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Springer-Verlag Berlin Heidelberg 2006

316

15

GAP‐43 in neural development and plasticity

Abstract: The growth‐associated protein‐43 (GAP‐43) is known to participate in mechanisms of synaptic plasticity dur

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