Genetic variance components and GGE interaction of tropical maize genotypes under Northern leaf blight disease infection
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ORIGINAL
Genetic variance components and GGE interaction of tropical maize genotypes under Northern leaf blight disease infection Akinlolu O. Ohunakin1 · A. C. Odiyi1 · B. O. Akinyele1 Received: 1 May 2020 / Accepted: 12 October 2020 © Akadémiai Kiadó Zrt. 2020
Abstract Disease infection is a major destructive concern in agricultural production, thus a common point of interest in breeding procedure. Evaluation of breeding improvement on plant disease resistance greatly reveals that high yielding selection in disease-free regions indirectly improves yield in diseased environments. Forty-five F1 hybrids and their 10 parents were assessed in 2016 and 2017 cropping season across five environments using 5 × 11 alpha lattice design to: (1) estimate the genetic variance components among tropical maize hybrids under NLB disease infection, and (2) study the genotypes’ agronomic performance and stability in NLB diseased environments. Data were recorded for major agronomic traits. Highly significant mean squares were recorded for environment, genotype and genotype × environment interaction for traits under study indicating distinctiveness of the test environments. Higher proportion of specific combining ability variance over general combining ability variance across test environments shows the predominance of dominance gene effects over additive gene for the inheritance of the traits under study. Significant and positive genetic correlations recorded for the test environments indicate that the hybrids reaction across the significant and positively correlated environments was consistently related signifying similar ranking of the hybrids for NLB disease resistance across test environments. Therefore, either of the test environments would be adequate for selecting NLB disease resistance germplasm. The most stable hybrids across test environments were all derived from resistance parental lines. Keywords Disease · Maize · Correlation · Specific combining ability variance · General combining ability variance
Introduction Maize (Zea mays L.) is among the first three economically important cereal crops worldwide (FAO 2017), and a main staple food crop in West and Central Africa (WCA). About 1 billion tons of maize was produced throughout the world in 2016 (FAOSTAT 2016). More than 50% of human population in Sub-Saharan Africa depends on maize. Maize is consumed as porridges, pastes, grits and beer, providing about 50% of the basic caloric intake of rural and urban consumers. Electronic supplementary material The online version of this article (https://doi.org/10.1007/s42976-020-00100-6) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users. * Akinlolu O. Ohunakin [email protected] 1
Department of Crop Soil and Pest Management, Federal University of Technology, Akure, Nigeria
Maize performs well in varying environments and has varied genetic variability (Bello et al. 2013). Conversely, maize has a greatest potential to perform better in the moist savannas of West and Central Africa (WCA) because
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