Two oat genotypes with different field resistance to Fusarium head blight respond similarly to the infection at spikelet
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Two oat genotypes with different field resistance to Fusarium head blight respond similarly to the infection at spikelet level Juho Hautsalo 1
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Satu Latvala 2 & Outi Manninen 3 & Minna Haapalainen 4 & Asko Hannukkala 2,4 & Marja Jalli 2
Received: 8 November 2019 / Revised: 14 September 2020 / Accepted: 18 September 2020 # The Author(s) 2020
Abstract Cultivar resistance is essential for the management of Fusarium head blight (FHB) disease in oat production. However, the breeders lack methods suitable for phenotyping disease resistance and resistance sources. In this paper we compared two oat genotypes, a rejected variety BOR31 and a landrace VIR7766, with four different traits that could reflect resistance to FHB in a greenhouse environment. Spray and point inoculations were used to inoculate Fusarium graminearum into flowering oat plants. When spray-inoculated, VIR7766 was significantly more resistant against the initial infection than BOR31, measured by the number of Fusarium-infected kernels and by DON accumulation. In the point-inoculated oats, the loss of fresh weight in the inoculated spikelet correlated well with the increasing F. graminearum biomass in the spikelet, measured six days after inoculation. However, no difference in the growth of the fungus was observed between the tested oat genotypes by point inoculation. We speculate that once the infection is established, the ability of the oat plant to resist the spread of the infection within a spikelet is low in the genotypes studied, although oat, in general, due to its panicle structure, is considered to have a high resistance against Fusarium infection. Keywords Disease resistance . Panicle . Quantitative PCR . Resistance components . Screening methods
Oat (Avena sativa L.) has become increasingly popular for human consumption due to its health beneficial traits (EFSA 2009 and 2011). However, decreased seed quality due to Fusarium head blight (FHB) infections has led to rejections and market value reductions. Infection can reduce grain yield and especially its quality when mycotoxins accumulate in the grains, or germination capacity collapses (Bjørnstad and Electronic supplementary material The online version of this article (https://doi.org/10.1007/s42161-020-00670-8) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users. Asko Hannukkala is deceased on 10 May 2020. * Juho Hautsalo [email protected] 1
Natural Resources Institute Finland, Survontie 9A, Jyväskylä FI-40500, Finland
2
Natural Resources Institute Finland, Tietotie 4, Jokioinen FI-31600, Finland
3
Boreal Plant Breeding Ltd, Myllytie 10, Jokioinen FI-31600, Finland
4
Department of Agricultural Sciences, University of Helsinki, Helsinki FI-00014, Finland
Skinnnes 2008; Tekle et al. 2013). The worst problems in oats are due to accumulation of mycotoxins, such as deoxynivalenol (DON), which inhibits protein synthesis and can cause symptoms both in humans and animals. Due to acute toxicity of DON, limits for its concentration in grain have b
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