Genetics and Genomics of the Brassicaceae
The Genetics and Genomics of the Brassicaceae provides a review of this important family (commonly termed the mustard family, or Cruciferae). The family contains several cultivated species, including radish, rocket, watercress, wasabi and horseradish, in
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Series Editor Richard A. Jorgensen
For further volumes: http://www.springer.com/series/7397
Renate Schmidt · Ian Bancroft Editors
Genetics and Genomics of the Brassicaceae
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Editors Renate Schmidt Leibniz-Institut für Pflanzengenetik und Kulturpflanzenforschung (IPK) Corrensstr.3 06466 Gatersleben Germany [email protected]
Ian Bancroft John Innes Institute Norwich Research Park NR4 7UH Colney, Norwich United Kingdom [email protected]
ISBN 978-1-4419-7117-3 e-ISBN 978-1-4419-7118-0 DOI 10.1007/978-1-4419-7118-0 Springer New York Dordrecht Heidelberg London © Springer Science+Business Media, LLC 2011 All rights reserved. This work may not be translated or copied in whole or in part without the written permission of the publisher (Springer Science+Business Media, LLC, 233 Spring Street, New York, NY 10013, USA), except for brief excerpts in connection with reviews or scholarly analysis. Use in connection with any form of information storage and retrieval, electronic adaptation, computer software, or by similar or dissimilar methodology now known or hereafter developed is forbidden. The use in this publication of trade names, trademarks, service marks, and similar terms, even if they are not identified as such, is not to be taken as an expression of opinion as to whether or not they are subject to proprietary rights. Printed on acid-free paper Springer is part of Springer Science+Business Media (www.springer.com)
Preface
The angiosperm family Brassicaceae is commonly termed the mustard family or, because of their characteristic flowers consisting of four petals in the form of a Greek cross, the Cruciferae. It comprises 338 genera assigned to 25 tribes and includes the widely studied species Arabidopsis thaliana (L.) Heynh. (thale cress) of the Camelineae and a diverse array of cultivated types within the Brassiceae, including oilseed rape, mustards, leafy vegetables, root vegetables, and cole (stem vegetable) crops. The initial focus for the application of genomic approaches in the Brassicaceae was A. thaliana, which had been selected by the late 1980s as a “model” species in which to study plant biology at the molecular level. This was the first plant species for which a genome sequencing program was launched in the mid-1990s by the Arabidopsis Genome Initiative, culminating in 2000 in the landmark publication of an analysis of its complete genome sequence. This resource has facilitated the unprecedented expansion in our understanding of plant biology over the last decade. Genomic and comparative genomic analyses have been applied to a number of species within the Brassicaceae, revealing much about genome evolution in plants, particularly after the publication of Arabidopsis genome sequence. Such studies revealed, for example, that the ancestral karyotype for the Brassicaceae was probably n=8, and that numerous chromosomal rearrangements and a reduction in chromosome number shaped the genome of A. thaliana. Angiosperms have a propensity to undergo chromosome doubling, or polyploidization
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