Genome-wide association study for phosphate deficiency responsive root hair elongation in chickpea
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ORIGINAL ARTICLE
Genome-wide association study for phosphate deficiency responsive root hair elongation in chickpea Pawandeep Singh Kohli 1 & Pankaj Kumar Verma 1 & Rita Verma 1 & Swarup K. Parida 1 & Jitendra K. Thakur 1 & Jitender Giri 1 Received: 18 January 2020 / Revised: 17 June 2020 / Accepted: 16 August 2020 # Springer-Verlag GmbH Germany, part of Springer Nature 2020
Abstract Root hairs (RHs) are single-celled elongated epidermal cells and play a vital role in nutrient absorption, particularly for immobile minerals like phosphorus (P). As an adaptive response to P deficiency, an increase in RH length enhances root-soil contact and absorptive area for P absorption. Genetic variations have been reported for RH length and its response to P deficiency in plants. However, only a few association studies have been conducted to identify genes and genetic loci associated with RH length. Here, we screened desi chickpea accessions for RH length and its plasticity under P deficiency. Further, the genome-wide association study (GWAS) was conducted to identify the genetic loci associated with RH length in P deficient and sufficient conditions. Although high variability was observed in terms of RH length in diverse genotypes, majority of the accessions showed typical response of increase in RH length in low P. Genome-wide association mapping identified many SNPs with significant associations with RH length in P-sufficient and P-deficient conditions. A few candidate genes for RH length in P deficient (SIZ1-like and HAD superfamily protein) and sufficient (RSL2-like and SMAP1-like) conditions were identified which have known roles in RH development and P deficiency response or both. Highly associated loci and candidate genes identified in this study would be useful for genomic-assisted breeding to develop P-efficient chickpea. Keywords Root system architecture . Phosphate deficiency . Root hair . Legume . P-uptake . GWAS
Introduction Chickpea is grown in the Indian subcontinent, parts of Africa, and the Middle East and remained a major source of plant protein in these areas. It is a diploid annual legume, occupying 14.56 million hectares of land under its cultivation worldwide (FAOSTAT 2017). In India, chickpea accounts for 46% of total pulse production, with an overall yield of 11.23 million tons (Anon 2018). Changing environment and deteriorating soils have created significant concern for this crop, particularly in the Indian subcontinent, where the soils of 49.3% of districts lie in the low available Phosphorus (P) category. Therefore, it is vital to generate PElectronic supplementary material The online version of this article (https://doi.org/10.1007/s10142-020-00749-6) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users. * Jitender Giri [email protected] 1
National Institute of Plant Genome Research, Aruna Asaf Ali Marg, New Delhi 110067, India
efficient chickpea varieties (Hasan 1996). P is one of the most important mineral nutrients that plays a variety of essential roles in plants. It is
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