Genome-wide characterization and expression profiling of Eucalyptus grandis HD-Zip gene family in response to salt and t
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RESEARCH ARTICLE
Open Access
Genome-wide characterization and expression profiling of Eucalyptus grandis HD-Zip gene family in response to salt and temperature stress Jiashuo Zhang1†, Jinzhang Wu1†, Mingliang Guo2,3, Mohammad Aslam3,4, Qi Wang1, Huayan Ma1, Shubin Li1, Xingtan Zhang3 and Shijiang Cao1,3*
Abstract Background: The HD-Zip transcription factors are unique to plants and play an essential role in plant growth, development and stress responses. The HD-Zip transcription factor family consists of a highly conserved homeodomain (HD) and a leucine zipper domain (LZ) domain. Although the HD-Zip gene family has been extensively studied in many plant species, a systematic study of the Eucalyptus HD-Zip family has not been reported until today. Here, we systematically identified 40 HD-Zip genes in Eucalyptus (Eucalyptus grandis). Besides, we comprehensively analyzed the HD-Zips of Eucalyptus by studying the homology, conserved protein regions, gene structure, 3D structure of the protein, location of the genes on the chromosomes and the expression level of the genes in different tissues. Results: The HD-Zip family in Eucalyptus has four subfamilies, which is consistent with other plants such as Arabidopsis and rice. Moreover, genes that are in the same group tend to have similar exon-intron structures, motifs, and protein structures. Under salt stress and temperature stress, the Eucalyptus HD-Zip transcription factors show a differential expression pattern. Conclusions: Our findings reveal the response of HD-Zip transcription factors under salt and temperature stresses, laying a foundation for future analysis of Eucalyptus HD-Zip transcription factors. Keywords: HD-zip, Eucalyptus grandis, Transcription factors, Bioinformatic analysis
Background Transcription factors (TFs) are essential proteins that bind to a specific cis-acting element of a gene’s promoter region to activate or inhibit its transcription, thus play * Correspondence: [email protected] † Jiashuo Zhang and Jinzhang Wu contributed equally to this work. 1 College of Forestry, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou 350002, Fujian, China 3 Center for Genomics and Biotechnology, Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Haixia Applied Plant Systems Biology, Key Laboratory of Genetics, Breeding and Multiple Utilization of Corps, Ministry of Education, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou 350002, Fujian, China Full list of author information is available at the end of the article
crucial functions in the signaling pathway. Transcription factors are also an essential participant in the processes of eukaryotic growth and differentiation [1, 2]. By forming complex networks, TFs can regulate the expression of various genes in both dimensions of time and space. Therefore, they possess the potential to become a useful tool for improving traits of economic and ecological importance [3, 4]. Till today, several TFs genes have been cloned that participate in abiotic stress responses such as AP2/EREBP, NAC, WRKY, MYB, HSF, ZFP and bHLH [5,
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