Genome-wide identification and analysis of BES1/BZR1 transcription factor family in potato ( Solanum tuberosum. L)
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ORIGINAL PAPER
Genome‑wide identification and analysis of BES1/BZR1 transcription factor family in potato (Solanum tuberosum. L) Wenjiao Zhu1 · Dongli Jiao1 · Jia Zhang1 · Chunmei Xue1 · Min Chen1 · Qing Yang1 Received: 22 October 2019 / Accepted: 14 July 2020 © Springer Nature B.V. 2020
Abstract BES1/BZR1 is a kind of transcription factors in brassinosteroid signal pathway, which play a vital role in plant growth and development, the responses to stresses in many plants, like Arabidopsis and rice. However, there are few reports for BES1 in potato, which is an important crop in China. Here, we identified nine potato BES1 genes by genome-wide analysis, and amplified all these CDS sequences which were localized on eight chromosomes. All StBES1 proteins had conserved domains including bHLH domains, BIN2 phosphorylation sites and nucleus localization sites, and shared similar motif compositions. The gene expression displayed differential in different organs and under different hormone and stress treatments. Subcellular localization showed that all StBES1 proteins localized in nucleus and cytoplasm, and transactivation assay indicated these nine StBES1 proteins played roles as transcription factors. All these results provide a theoretic basis for further studying StBES1 functions in potato. Keywords Potato · StBES1 · Transcription factors · Brassinosteroids · Gene expression
Introduction Brassinosteroids (BRs) are a kind of phytohormones which play a vital role in plant growth and development. When BR exists, it is sensed by the receptor kinase BRI1 (brassinosteroid insensitive 1) on the cell surface, and then transmits signals to the downstream transcription factors BES1 (BRI1EMS-SUPPRESSOR 1)/BZR1 (brassinalezole resistant 1) to make them accumulated in the nucleus, further directly or indirectly regulating expressions of numerous genes involved in cell elongation, cell division and differentiation, leaf vein formation, stem elongation, photomorphogenesis and reproductive development, senescence and stress responses (Yang et al. 2011; Wang et al. 2012). In Arabidopsis, BES1 family including BES1, BZR1 and other four homologs BEH1-4 is a series of important Electronic supplementary material The online version of this article (https://doi.org/10.1007/s10725-020-00645-w) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users. * Qing Yang [email protected] 1
College of Life Sciences, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, China
plant-specific transcription factors. Six BES1 members play redundant roles in BR signal, and are conserved in protein structures: a nucleus localization signal (NLS) and a conserved domain with unknown functions at the amino terminal; 22–24 phosphorylation sites for the GSK-like kinase BIN2 (Brassinosteroid Insensitive 2) and PEST motifs for protein degradation in the center (Yin et al. 2005). BES1 is a transcription activator, which can interact with BIM1 (besinteracting myc like1) to form heteodimers, and then bind to the E-BOX (CANNTG) of promoters to induce t
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