Genotype selection for grain yield and quality based on multiple traits of common wheat ( Triticum aestivum L.)
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ORIGINAL PAPER
Genotype selection for grain yield and quality based on multiple traits of common wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) Nikolay Tsenov1 · Todor Gubatov1 · Ivan Yanchev2 Received: 18 March 2020 / Accepted: 4 September 2020 © Akadémiai Kiadó Zrt. 2020
Abstract The purpose of the study is to investigate the possibilities of integrated evaluation of the variety by taking into account its yield and grain quality in multi-environmental trails. The most important as breeding criteria parameters for grain quality are analyzed as follows: deformation energy, test weight, gluten index, grain protein content, wet gluten content in grain, alveograph curve configuration ratio, extensibility index and falling number. A new methodology signed as “GY * parameter” is used to evaluate each of the varieties studied, based on the relationship of its grain yield with important quality parameters, by measuring their variation in different environmental conditions. The values of GY * parameter are subjected to the same regularities as those of the parameters themselves. They retain differences between varieties similar to simple parameter means. The G * E interaction in this study is mainly due to the “variety” and “location” factors. Essentially, environments are the cause of a highly nonlinear interaction because the PCA has four significant components. The assessment of the variety by GY * parameters, as ordinary traits, is quite possible and when the main focus is the quality. Applying the various approaches to standardizing values, by taking into account the level and variance of all GY * parameters, ultimately turns out to be an effective tool for variety ranking. It is the result of all possible aspects of grain quality, which provides extensive information on the value of each variety to the background of others. Keywords G * E interaction · GY * parameter · Grain yield · Grain quality · Common wheat
Introduction Breeding of wheat is always aimed at increasing mainly its two main directions: grain yield (Reynolds et al. 2009; Reynolds et al. 2012) and grain quality (Tsenov et al. 2013; Tsenov et al. 2014). The quantity and quality of the grain exhibit a negative relationship, which in wheat is pronounced and described repeatedly (Gut and Bichoński 2007, Morgounov et al. 2013; Maich et al. 2017). For this reason, the combination of high yield and high grain quality in one genotype Communicated by M. Molnár-Láng. Electronic supplementary material The online version of this article (https://doi.org/10.1007/s42976-020-00080-7) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users. * Nikolay Tsenov [email protected] 1
Agronom Breeding Company, 9300 Dobrich, Bulgaria
Department of Plant Growing, Agricultural University, 4000 Plovdiv, Bulgaria
2
is one of the most difficult tasks in the breeding efforts of this crop (Hristov et al. 2010; Tsenov et al. 2010a; Békés 2012). The world-proven high nutritional value of wheat is inevitably related to grain quality rather than its quantity (McFall
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