Genotyping and plant-derived glycan utilization analysis of Bifidobacterium strains from mother-infant pairs
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RESEARCH ARTICLE
Open Access
Genotyping and plant-derived glycan utilization analysis of Bifidobacterium strains from mother-infant pairs Zeyu Kan1, Baolong Luo1, Jingjing Cai1, Yan Zhang1, Fengwei Tian2 and Yongqing Ni1*
Abstract Background: Bifidobacteria are important probiotics; some of the beneficial effects of bifidobacteria are achieved by the hydrolysis of glycans in the human gut. However, because the diet of breastfed infants typically lacks plantderived glycans, in the gut environment of mothers and their breastfed infants, the mother will intake a variety of plant-derived glycans, such as from onions and bananas, through her diet. Under this assumption, we are interested in whether the same species of bifidobacteria isolated from mother-infant pairs present a distinction in their hydrolysis of plant-derived carbohydrates. Results: Among the 36 Bifidobacterium strains, bifidobacterial carbohydrate utilization showed two trends related to the intestinal environment where the bacteria lived. Compared with infant-type bifidobacterial strains, adult-type bifidobacterial strains preferred to use plant-derived glycans. Of these strains, 10 isolates, 2 Bifidobacterium pseudocatenulatum (B. pseudocatenulatum), 2 Bifidobacterium pseudolongum (B. pseudolongum), 2 Bifidobacterium bifidum (B. bifidum), 2 Bifidobacterium breve (B. breve), and 2 Bifidobacterium longum (B. longum), were shared between the mother-infant pairs. Moreover, the repetitive sequence-based polymerase chain reaction (rep-PCR) results illustrated that B. pseudolongum and B. bifidum showed genotypic similarities of 95.3 and 98.2%, respectively. Combined with the carbohydrate fermentation study, these results indicated that the adult-type strains have a stronger ability to use plant-derived glycans than infant-type strains. Our work suggests that bifidobacterial carbohydrate metabolism differences resulted in the selective adaptation to the distinct intestinal environment of an adult or breastfed infant. Conclusions: The present study revealed that the different gut environments can lead to the differences in the polysaccharide utilization in the same strains of bifidobacterial strains, suggesting a further goal of investigating the exact expression of certain enzymes in response to specific carbon sources. Keywords: Bifidobacterium, Glycan utilization, Genotype comparison, Fingerprint
Background Human intestinal microorganisms constitute an additional organ that plays an irreplaceable role in maintaining human health and normal biological activity [1]. Bifidobacteria are among the most studied human * Correspondence: [email protected] 1 School of Food Science and Technology, Shihezi University, Xinjiang, China Full list of author information is available at the end of the article
intestinal bacteria and are indispensable microorganisms in the host gut [2]. Interestingly, studies have shown that bifidobacteria may be transmitted vertically from mother to child. Because B. longum subsp. infantis has the ability to utilize particular oligosaccha
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