Globalization: A Brief Primer for Counselors
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Globalization: A Brief Primer for Counselors Daniel M. Paredes & Kyoung Mi Choi & Maria Dipal & Arline R. A. C. Edwards-Joseph & Nikolai Ermakov & Ana T. Gouveia & Sachin Jain & Chieko Koyama & J. Scott Hinkle & James M. Benshoff
Published online: 17 July 2008 # Springer Science + Business Media, LLC 2008
Abstract The concept of globalization elicits a wide range of reactions among the public, policy makers, and academics (Bennhold 2007; Bradsher 2006; Cheng 2005; Dobbs 2004; Friedman 2005; Gilbert 2006; Oppenheimer 2005; Stiglitz 2006; Winestock 2001; World Commission on the Social Dimension of Globalization 2004). Increased understanding of globalization can help counselors recognize their influential role as one of the few groups of professionals that operate in schools, mental health, and career counseling settings. Because the consequences of globalization impact every aspect of life, counselors have a responsibility to understand globalization systemically, including how it impacts the practice of counseling and how to help their clients function effectively in the context of globalization. In this article, which is intended D. M. Paredes (*) : J. S. Hinkle NBCC International, 7-A Terrace Way, Greensboro, NC 27403, USA e-mail: [email protected] K. M. Choi Syracuse University, Syracuse, NY, USA M. Dipal Sisters of the Good Shepherd, Sabah, Malaysia A. R. A. C. Edwards-Joseph North Carolina State University, Raleigh, NC, USA N. Ermakov Mental Health Center of Denver, Denver, CO, USA A. T. Gouveia Instituto Superior de Educação e Ciêcias, Lisbon, Portugal S. Jain University of Idaho, Moscow, ID, USA C. Koyama Troy University of Dothan, Dothan, AL, USA J. M. Benshoff University of North Carolina at Greensboro, Greensboro, NC 27403, USA
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Int J Adv Counselling (2008) 30:155–166
as a primer for continued dialogue, globalization is introduced as an issue to be further studied and responded to by professional organizations around the world. Examples of globalization are offered and a case is made for continued collaboration between quality assurance and membership organizations in addressing globalization. Keywords Globalization . Counseling . International counseling . International guidance
Introduction Globalization has been defined as the integration of economies through the exchange of goods, capital, people (labor), and knowledge (technology) (International Monetary Fund [IMF] 2002). Similar definitions emphasizing the trade of goods or services have been suggested by other authors (e.g., Coe et al. 2002; Collier and Dollar 2002; Conley 2002; Economic Commission for Latin America and Caribbean [ECLAC] 2002; Martin 2001; Organization for Economic Co-operation and Development [OECD] 2005; Lenn and Reason 2000). Generally speaking, the authors of these definitions have conceptualized globalization from an economics perspective, considering the cultural and personal-level aspects and consequences of globalization to be beyond their purview (OECD 2005; Stiglitz 2006). By contrast, professional counselors routi
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