GPR50 Distribution in the Mouse Cortex and Hippocampus
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ORIGINAL PAPER
GPR50 Distribution in the Mouse Cortex and Hippocampus Qifa Li1 · Yue Zhang1 · Bi‑Ying Ge1 · Na Li2 · Hai‑ Lun Sun1 · Michael Ntim1 · Yi‑Ping Sun2 · Xue‑Fei Wu1 · Jin‑Yi Yang3 · Shao Li1,2 Received: 28 October 2019 / Revised: 24 June 2020 / Accepted: 6 July 2020 © Springer Science+Business Media, LLC, part of Springer Nature 2020
Abstract G protein-coupled receptor 50 (GPR50) belongs to the G protein-coupled receptor which is highly homologous with the sequence of melatonin receptor MT1 and MT2. GPR50 expression has previously been reported in many brain regions, like cortex, midbrain, pons, amygdala. But, the distribution of GPR50 in the hippocampus and cortex and the cell types expressing GPR50 is not yet clear. In this study, we examined the distribution of GPR50 in adult male mice by immunofluorescence. Our results showed that GPR50 was localized in the CA1-3 pyramidal cells and the granule cells of the dentate gyrus. GPR50 was also expressed in excitatory and inhibitory neurons. As inhibitory neurons also contain many types, we found that GPR50 was localized in some interneurons in which it was co-expressed with the calcium-binding proteins calbindin, calretinin, and parvalbumin. Besides, similar results were seen in the cortex. The widespread expression of GPR50 in the hippocampus and cortex suggests that GPR50 may be associated with synaptic plasticity and cognitive function. Keywords GPR50 · Hippocampus · Interneuron · Cortex · Pyramidal cells
Introduction G-protein-coupled receptors (GPCRs) are one of the groups of the largest superfamilies of proteins in the human body with a typical seven transmembrane structure [1]. GPCRs Qifa Li, Yue Zhang, and Bi-Ying Ge have contributed equally to this work. Electronic supplementary material The online version of this article (https://doi.org/10.1007/s11064-020-03089-w) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users. * Jin‑Yi Yang [email protected] * Shao Li [email protected] 1
Liaoning Provincial Key Laboratory of Cerebral Diseases, Department of Physiology, Dalian Medical University, Dalian 116044, People’s Republic of China
2
National-Local Joint Engineering Research Center for Drug-Research and Development (R & D) of Neurodegenerative Diseases, Dalian Medical University, Dalian 116044, People’s Republic of China
3
Department of Urology, Affiliated Dalian Friendship Hospital of Dalian Medical University, Dalian 116044, People’s Republic of China
mediate 80% of transmembrane signal transduction between the cell and the environment and regulate a cascade of downstream processes in the cell. These features of GPCRs make them significant targets for various physiological approaches, including renal function, blood pressure regulation, hormonal disorders [2]. Due to the complexity of GPCRs functions, GPCRs have become therapeutic targets for approximately 50% of all recently released drugs [3, 4]. G protein-coupled receptor 50 (GPR50) is encoded by a gene located on the X chromosome (Xq28) and found
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