Grafting Alleviates Cadmium Toxicity and Reduces Its Absorption by Tomato
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ORIGINAL PAPER
Grafting Alleviates Cadmium Toxicity and Reduces Its Absorption by Tomato Yongdong Xie 1 & Huaqiang Tan 1 & Guochao Sun 1 & Huanxiu Li 2 & Dong Liang 2 & Hui Xia 2 & Xun Wang 2 & Ming’an Liao 1 & Honghong Deng 2 & Jin Wang 2 & Yi Tang 2 Received: 12 April 2020 / Accepted: 29 June 2020 # Sociedad Chilena de la Ciencia del Suelo 2020
Abstract A pot experiment was conducted to determine whether the grafting could improve growth and reduce cadmium (Cd) accumulation of tomato planted in Cd-contaminated soil. ‘Zhongyanhong 6’ (common tomato) and ‘Hongyu F1’ (cherry tomato) were grafted onto two varieties of wild eggplant (Solanum torvum and Totosga) and three varieties of tomato (‘Dalishengen’, ‘Banzhen18’, and ‘Guozhen 1’) rootstocks, respectively, and then transplanted in 10 mg kg−1 Cd-contaminated soil for 3 months. The results indicate that except for Totosga, grafting onto other rootstocks resulted in decreased growth and biomass of ‘Zhongyanhong 6’, but grafting increased growth and biomass of ‘Hongyu F1’, especially wild eggplant. Compared with ungrafted, grafting on ‘Guozhen’, Solanum torvum, and Totosga enhanced weight and size of two types of tomato fruits under Cd stress, but only S. torvum improved soluble sugar content and soluble solids of tomato fruits. The Cd content in plants and fruits of ‘HongyuF1’ grafted on five rootstocks was reduced, and only grafted on ‘Banzhen18’, Solanum torvum, and Totosga reduced Cd content in plants and fruits of ‘Zhongyanhong6’, especially two kinds of wild eggplant rootstocks had the most significant reduction in Cd content. Therefore, grafting on different rootstocks had different impacts on two types of tomato under Cd stress, and wild eggplant especially S. torvum is relatively better rootstock for both types of tomato. Keywords Tomato . Cadmium . Grafting . Fruit quality . Growth
1 Introduction Cadmium (Cd) pollution is one of the most serious problems affecting farmland in China (Huang et al. 2017). Cd has no biological function and, at low dosage, inhibits plant growth and development, resulting in reduced yield and poor quality (Shafeeq et al. 2020). It is also highly mobile and easily enters the human body through the food chain, resulting in cancer, kidney, and lung dysfunction (Shahid et al. 2019). A study has shown that almost all Cd in the human body comes from vegetables and cereals (Järup and Akesson 2009). It is necessary, therefore, to use chemical or horticultural methods to reduce Cd uptake by edible plants.
* Yi Tang [email protected] 1
College of Horticulture, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, China
2
Institute of Pomology and Olericulture, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, China
The green agricultural technology of grafting was initially used in fruiting vegetables to improve plant tolerance against some soil-borne pathogens (Louws et al. 2010), but subsequently was primarily used to overcome continuous cropping obstacles, improving plant growth, yield, and fruit quality, as well as to alleviate damage caused by abio
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