Green polymeric nanomaterials for the photocatalytic degradation of dyes: a review
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REVIEW
Green polymeric nanomaterials for the photocatalytic degradation of dyes: a review Shrabana Sarkar1 · Nidia Torres Ponce2 · Aparna Banerjee3 · Rajib Bandopadhyay1 · Saravanan Rajendran4 · Eric Lichtfouse5 Received: 18 February 2020 / Accepted: 1 June 2020 © Springer Nature Switzerland AG 2020
Abstract Pure and drinkable water will be rarer and more expensive as the result of pollution induced by industrialisation, urbanisation and population growth. Among the numerous sources of water pollution, the textile industry has become a major issue because effluents containing dyes are often released in natural water bodies. For instance, about two years are needed to biodegrade dye-derived, carcinogenic aromatic amines, in sediments. Classical remediation methods based upon physicochemical reactions are costly and still generate sludges that contain amine residues. Nonetheless, recent research shows that nanomaterials containing biopolymers are promising to degrade organic pollutants by photocatalysis. Here, we review the synthesis and applications of biopolymeric nanomaterials for photocatalytic degradation of azo dyes. We focus on conducting biopolymers incorporating metal, metal oxide, metal/metal oxide and metal sulphide for improved biodegradation. Biopolymers can be obtained from microorganisms, plants and animals. Unlike fossil-fuel-derived polymers, biopolymers are carbon neutral and thus sustainable in the context of global warming. Biopolymers are often biodegradable and biocompatible. Keywords Biopolymer · Nanomaterial · Photocatalyst · Dye degradation
Introduction
* Aparna Banerjee [email protected] * Saravanan Rajendran [email protected] Eric Lichtfouse [email protected] https://cv.archives-ouvertes.fr/eric-lichtfouse 1
UGC‑Center of Advanced Study, Department of Botany, The University of Burdwan, Golapbag, Bardhaman, West Bengal 713104, India
2
School of Biotechnology Engineering, Faculty of Agricultural and Forestry Sciences, Universidad Católica del Maule, Talca, Chile
3
Centro de Investigación de Estudios Avanzados del Maule (CIEAM), Vicerrectoría de Investigación y Postgrado, Universidad Católica del Maule, Talca, Chile
4
Department of Mechanical Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, University of Tarapacá, Arica, Chile
5
Aix-Marseille Univ, CNRS, IRD, INRAE, Coll France, CEREGE, Aix‑en‑Provence, France
According to the latest report of World Health Organization (WHO), approximately 844 million people worldwide lack the access to basic drinkable water (Wutich et al. 2019). Waterborne pathogens in the form of disease-causing bacteria, virus or protozoa spread many diseases including cholera, typhoid, hepatitis, giardia and COVID-19 (Sharma et al. 2020). Unsafe water causes epidemics in developing countries due to improper management of water pollution (Alhamlan et al. 2015). Organic pollutants in wastewater are potentially harmful for all living organisms. Regular consumption of untreated or poorly treated waters induces carcinogenesis or prolonged ill
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