Groundwater Chemical Kinetics and Fractal Characteristics of Karst Tunnel

The key to the solution of geological hazards such as Karst water inrush and mud burst in tunnel lies in the accurate prediction or detection of Karst and groundwater. By means of on-site monitoring, theoretical analysis and indoor simulation experiments,

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roundwater Chemical Kinetics and Fractal Characteristics of Karst Tunnel

Groundwater Chemical Kinetics and Fractal Characteristics of Karst Tunnel

Cangsong Li Jianfang Ding Yankai Liao Song Lu •





Groundwater Chemical Kinetics and Fractal Characteristics of Karst Tunnel

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Cangsong Li Institute of Engineering Geology China Railway Southwest Science Research Institute Co., Ltd. Chengdu, Sichuan, China

Jianfang Ding Institute of Engineering Geology China Railway Southwest Science Research Institute Co., Ltd. Chengdu, Sichuan, China

Yankai Liao Institute of Engineering Geology China Railway Southwest Science Research Institute Co., Ltd. Chengdu, Sichuan, China

Song Lu Institute of Engineering Geology China Railway Southwest Science Research Institute Co., Ltd. Chengdu, Sichuan, China

ISBN 978-981-13-9952-7 ISBN 978-981-13-9953-4 https://doi.org/10.1007/978-981-13-9953-4

(eBook)

Jointly published with Science Press The print edition is not for sale in China Mainland. Customers from China Mainland please order the print book from: Science Press. © Science Press 2020 This work is subject to copyright. All rights are reserved by the Publishers, whether the whole or part of the material is concerned, specifically the rights of translation, reprinting, reuse of illustrations, recitation, broadcasting, reproduction on microfilms or in any other physical way, and transmission or information storage and retrieval, electronic adaptation, computer software, or by similar or dissimilar methodology now known or hereafter developed. The use of general descriptive names, registered names, trademarks, service marks, etc. in this publication does not imply, even in the absence of a specific statement, that such names are exempt from the relevant protective laws and regulations and therefore free for general use. The publishers, the authors, and the editors are safe to assume that the advice and information in this book are believed to be true and accurate at the date of publication. Neither the publishers nor the authors or the editors give a warranty, express or implied, with respect to the material contained herein or for any errors or omissions that may have been made. The publishers remain neutral with regard to jurisdictional claims in published maps and institutional affiliations. This Springer imprint is published by the registered company Springer Nature Singapore Pte Ltd. The registered company address is: 152 Beach Road, #21-01/04 Gateway East, Singapore 189721, Singapore

Foreword

This monograph is crystallized by three young promising scholars (Dr. Cangsong Li et al.) in the Geology Discipline under the Hydrogeology and Engineering Geology Department of China Railway Southwest Research Institute Co., Ltd. through summing-up and refinement of their findings from their experimental studies related to some scientific research projects granted by the National Natural Science Foundation of China and their many-year cooperation in a large number of project practices with their colleagues from the Institute of Enginee