Growth and characterization of stilbene doped bibenzyl scintillator crystal by solution growth technique
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Growth and characterization of stilbene doped bibenzyl scintillator crystal by solution growth technique Narayanan Durairaj1 · Sivaperuman Kalainathan1 Received: 22 February 2018 / Accepted: 16 April 2018 © Springer Science+Business Media, LLC, part of Springer Nature 2018
Abstract The search for organic crystals with high efficient fast neutron detection with short decay time have become more demand nowadays. These are being used in the frontline areas in radiation medicine, neutron spectroscopy and special nuclear material detection. We explored the growth progress and characterized the pure and stilbene doped bibenzyl (BBS) organic scintillator crystal by solution growth technique. The solubility of bibenzyl was determined in methanol by thermogravimetric method. The grown crystal was subjected to single X-ray diffraction to find the cell parameters which shows the monoclinic structure. The crystallinity was examined by powder X-ray diffraction pattern. Fourier transform infrared spectra was carried out for the doped crystal and compared that of pure bibenzyl (BB) crystal. The absorption and transmittance range were measured by UV-Vis-NIR analysis. The emission spectrum was measured by photoluminescence, two significant peaks were observed at 353 and 373 nm. The grown BBS crystal decay time 0.8 and 1.65 ns was calculated for prompt and delayed emission by using pulsed nano-LED source. Thermal steadiness of BBS was verified by thermo-gravimetric and differential scanning calorimetry.
1 Introduction Neutron detection is a trivial task in a number of growing technologies such as neutron therapy, radiological imaging, nuclear security application, and nuclear forensics [1–4]. From the mid of twentieth century, the organic molecules were characterized for common scintillators and showed the significance in particle discrimination with suitable emission wavelength to couple with photomultiplier tube and conventional photodetectors [3, 4]. Due to recent technological development and the requirement of large part of worldwide usage, some other new organic scintillator crystals were introduced for radiation discriminations. For example, new chemical compounds, compositions of fluorocarbon materials, new structural microsphere material has been studied [4–7]. Radiation detection and neutron-gamma discrimination of individual molecule is depends on the specific properties of such as crystal structure and molecular * Sivaperuman Kalainathan [email protected] Narayanan Durairaj [email protected] 1
Centre for Crystal Growth, Vellore Institute of Technology, Vellore, Tamil Nadu 632014, India
nature, electronic structure, and presence of impurities (dopants) [8]. Since the comparison of same sets (structure based) of compounds like stilbene and bibenzyl were found to be opposite sides of pulse shape discrimination properties (PSD result is excellent in stilbene while absence in bibenzyl). Because the exchange coupling of neighboring pairs of triplet state migration and collisional interaction of stilbene has higher
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