Growth of Binary Oxide Nanowires
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Oxide Nanowires
Jiangxiong Wang, Sishen Xie, and Weiya Zhou Abstract One-dimensional (1D) semiconducting oxide nanostructures such as ZnO, SnO2, and In2O3 have been extensively studied due to their excellent optical and electrical properties. Growth of 1D nanostructures with precisely controlled size, phase purity, crystallinity, and chemical composition still presents numerous challenges. In this review, we report the recent progress on the synthesis of binary oxide nanostructures consisting of different oxides through a simple and effective vapor transport approach in our research. By controlling the experimental conditions, this approach enables the synthesis of various multicomponent binary oxide nanowires.
Introduction Semiconducting oxides have been extensively studied in the past ten years due to their outstanding optical and electronic properties. Among them, ZnO, SnO2, and In2O3 are three key widebandgap semiconducting oxides. Their one-dimensional (1D) nanostructures have been the subject of significant research efforts in recent years and have been demonstrated to possess better optical and electronic properties than the bulk materials.1–3 Nanodevices based on these nanostructures, including light-emitting diodes, ultraviolet lasers, optical waveguides, and chemical sensors, have been reported in the past few years.4 The fabrication of complicated functional nanostructures is a crucial step toward the realization of functional nanodevices. To meet the requirements of optoelectronics at the nanoscale, researchers are trying to fabricate more complicated nanostructures such as superlattice nanowires,5 hierarchically assembled structures,6 and heterostructures along the axial and radial directions of nanowires.7 The synthesis of simple oxide nanostructures has progressed greatly in the past few years, and 1D oxide nanostructures with various morphologies, including nanowires,8–10 nanotubes,11 and nanobelts,12 have been successfully produced by different methods. However, the synthesis of functional and composite oxide nanostructures is still suffering from many problems such as low yield, lack of reliability, and complex procedures. Onedimensional binary oxide nanostructures
formed of different materials may combine the physical properties of the different materials into one nanostructure. Moreover, due to the joining of two individual materials with different bandgaps into heterostructures, the composite nanostructures are expected to possess some novel electric transport and optical properties. Therefore, the fabrication of composite oxides and investigation of their growth behavior are becoming more and more attractive. In this review, recent progress in our research on growth of 1D binary oxide nanostructures will be summarized. We focus on developing a simple and effective approach to in situ synthesis of binary oxide nanostructures consisting of two different oxides such as ZnO, SnO2, and In2O3. Our strategy to synthesize and design binary oxide nanostructures is based entirely on a bottom-up, vapo
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