Growth Responses and Differences in Gene Expression depending on Cultivation Temperature between Alternative type Wheat
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J. Crop Sci. Biotech. 2020 (January) 23 (1) : 47 ~ 55 DOI No. 10.1007/s12892-019-0345-0 RESEARCH ARTICLE
Growth Responses and Differences in Gene Expression depending on Cultivation Temperature between Alternative type Wheat Varieties Ji Hye Heo1, Hye Ju Seong1, Woon Ho Yang2, Woosuk Jung1* 1
Department of Crop science, Konkuk University, Seoul, 05029, Republic of Korea National Institute of Crop Science, RDA, Suwon 441-857, Korea
2
Received: December 02, 2019 / Revised: December 04, 2019 / Accepted: December 06, 2019 Ⓒ Korean Society of Crop Science and Springer 2020
Abstract Two domestic wheat varieties were grown in the growth chamber set at 17°C, 20°C, 23°C and 26°C on average after the emergence of three above-ground leaves to compare the response to high-temperature stress in different varieties. Periodic growth surveys were conducted to observe changes in growth stages. After the maturation stage, the spikes of experimental wheat were harvested to observe the phenotypic characteristics of grains. All varieties showed poor growth at a daily average of 26°C. Suan at 26°C treatment showed severe yellowing and death of leaves, but heading was progressed, but Joeun at 26°C treatment could not enter into the heading stage and finally died. The size and weight of grains decreased at 23°C treatment than 17°C treatment in both Joeun and Suan. To determine the difference in growth response between varieties at different temperatures at gene level, RT-qPCR was carried out using Suan and Joeun samples after 50 days of temperature treatment at 17°C and 23°C. Comparison of the expression patterns of 15 genes known to be related to high-temperature stress found that the expression patterns of HsfA3, PIF4, PhyB, and MYB73 showed opposite trends according to the temperature treatment. All genes showed higher levels of expression in the Suan than in the Joeun as the temperature increased except VRN-A1. The differences in the expression patterns of the genes between varieties make a difference in growth characteristics according to varieties under high-temperature conditions. Both Joeun and Suan cultivars showed similar characteristics in terms of needs of low temperature for vernalization. However, their physiological response to high ambient temperature was quite different. Different varieties are expected to have different stress response strategies. Key words : Wheat, Suan, Joeun, high temperature, phenotypes
Introduction Temperature, one of the important factors in plant growth, is involved in determining the growth, heading, flowering, and output of wheat. The optimum temperature for growing wheat is 20-25°C, and temperature conditions above 25°C on average reduce photosynthetic efficiency and the number of seeds in the ear (Acevedo et al. 2002). High-temperature stress is the main yield-limiting factor for wheat, and it causes various stress responses during growth (Kumar et al. 2016). A high-temperature environment reduces the function of pigments and photosynthetic tissues in the body and has a Woosuk Jung () E
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