Halophytes and the Future of Agriculture
Climate changes along with the natural- and human-oriented problems in agricultural areas resulted in increases in drought and salinity problems in various regions of the world. Increases in abiotic stress issues particularly salinity and drought problems
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Contents 1 2 3 4
Introduction . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2 Mechanisms of Halophytes and Their Potential Use in Saline-Stressed Soils . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5 Future of Agriculture . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 8 Biochemical and Molecular Approaches to Increase the Potential Use of Halophytes in Biosaline Agriculture . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 9 5 Conclusions and Future Prospects . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 10 References . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 11
Abstract
Climate changes along with the natural- and human-oriented problems in agricultural areas resulted in increases in drought and salinity problems in various regions of the world. Increases in abiotic stress issues particularly salinity and drought problems led to an increased level of stress on already stressed crop plants arising from various abiotic and biotic stress factors. Molecular and biochemical approaches, as well as physiological improvements on crop plants, have been suggested as possible optimistic solutions for improving the conditions of crop plants under such conditions. However, these approaches have not always been found to be cost-effective due to technological limitations and the complexity of stress issues. The certain limit of antioxidant capacity of crop plants under these circumstances led to limited success in which the crop plants cannot handle R. Tıpırdamaz (*) Department of Biology, Faculty of Science, Hacettepe University, Ankara, Turkey e-mail: [email protected] S. Karakas Department of Soil Science and Plant Nutrition, Faculty of Agriculture, Harran University, Sanlıurfa, Turkey e-mail: [email protected] M. Dikilitas Department of Plant Protection, Faculty of Agriculture, Harran University, Sanlıurfa, Turkey © Springer Nature Switzerland AG 2020 M. N. Grigore (ed.), Handbook of Halophytes, https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-17854-3_91-1
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further stress. In recent years, halophyte plants have been used which enabled the crop plants better environment and better performance under stress conditions via reducing the abiotic stress in soil biota of crop plants. Halophytes, when used alone in marginal soils, have reduced the level of abiotic stresses such as salinity and heavy metal pollution as well as contributing to an increase of soil fertility. Halophytes, on the other hand, when used as companion plants with glycophytes, have also improved the productivity of crop plants. Most halophytes co
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