Biomass Production of Various Halophytes

Salinity is one among the main culprits that hamper the capability of agricultural lands to sustain enormous world population. It occurs due to climate transformation, intensive agriculture, land degradation, floods, saltwater intrusion, etc. Saline soils

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Contents 1 Introduction . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2 Role of Halophytes in a Sustainable Environment . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3 Mechanism of Adaptation of Halophytes Under Saline Condition . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4 Halophytes for Lignocellulosic Biomass . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5 Halophytes for Oil . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6 Halophytic Crops for Saline Agriculture and Bioenergy . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7 Food Security . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 8 Halophyte as a Human Food . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 9 Nutritive Value of Halophytes as Animal Feed Components . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 10 Phytoremediation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 11 Conclusions . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . References . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

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Abstract

Salinity is one among the main culprits that hamper the capability of agricultural lands to sustain enormous world population. It occurs due to climate transformation, intensive agriculture, land degradation, floods, saltwater intrusion, etc. Saline soils are detrimental to crop growth thus resulting in lean agricultural yield, eventually turning fertile lands into barren lots. The halophytes are progressively acquiring the limelight in terms of food assurance on limited land resources coupled with expansion of saline-enriched landscapes. On the broader context, halophytes possess the potential to be exploited on a mass scale throughout the world because these are attributed with the ability to endure physical restraints of environment and successfully biosynthesize the highly nutritive R. A. Bhat Sher-e-Kashmir University of Agricultural Sciences and Technology, Kashmir, Jammu and Kashmir, India K. R. Hakeem (*) Department of Biological Sciences, Faculty of Science, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia © Springer Nature Switzerland AG 2020 M. N. Grigore (ed.), Handbook of Halophytes, https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-1