Handover Management in Femtocell LTE Networks Under Fast Varying Channels
To increase network capacity of a mobile communication system, three main ways can be derived from Claude Shannon equation. These are the use of smaller cells, increase of bandwidth and improvement of communication technology. Since there is only a finite
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Abstract. To increase network capacity of a mobile communication system, three main ways can be derived from Claude Shannon equation. These are the use of smaller cells, increase of bandwidth and improvement of communication technology. Since there is only a finite amount of radio spectrum available and it is also required by other applications, there are limits to bandwidth increment. Combining the later and former, LTE small cells method is best practical way to increase system capacity of mobile communication system. However, deployment of femtocells with small coverage range leads to frequent handover initiation. The problem escalates when femtocells operate in open access mode while accommodating highly mobile users who initiate unnecessary handovers as they stay in a femtocell for short time. To tackle these challenges, a hybrid handover decision algorithm is presented. The proposed algorithm selects the most appropriate target femtocell for handover using velocity of the user, throughput gain and adaptation of signal averaging and hysteresis margin methods. Simulation results show 1.7 times reduction in the amount of handovers in comparison with the traditional handover schemes. Keywords: LTE network Femtocell Throughput Hysteresis margin Femtocell to femtocell handover Received signal strength Quality of service
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1 Introduction To increase network capacity of a mobile communication system, three main ways can be derived from Claude Shannon equation. These are the use of smaller cells, increase of bandwidth and improvement of communication technology. Since there is only a finite amount of radio spectrum available and it is also required by other applications, there are limits to bandwidth increment. Combining the later and former, LTE small cells method is best practical way to increase system capacity of mobile communication system. These small cells are called femtocells [1]. Femtocells are used to improve the signal quality indoors where the signal from the nearby Macrocell Base Station (MBS) is weak. The femtocell is a miniature base station with very low power connected to the MBS using broadband wireline connections, optical fibers or optical wireless last mile technologies [2–4]. In the femtocell coverage area, the user can access the network through three main ways. These are open, closed and hybrid. The open access allows maximum share of the full capacity of the femtocell by all users in © IFIP International Federation for Information Processing 2019 Published by Springer Nature Switzerland AG 2019 P. Nielsen and H. C. Kimaro (Eds.): ICT4D 2019, IFIP AICT 551, pp. 724–735, 2019. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-18400-1_59
Handover Management in Femtocell LTE Networks
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its coverage area. The advantage of this method is on the offloading the MBS by serving several outdoor users in areas with heavy traffic or those users which are far from the MBS. For closed access, only mobile equipment belonging to the owner of the femtocell or a small group of users is al
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