Optimization of feedback bits using firefly algorithm for interference reduction in LTE femtocell networks
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METHODOLOGIES AND APPLICATION
Optimization of feedback bits using firefly algorithm for interference reduction in LTE femtocell networks S. Hariharan1 • Kartiki Chikte1 • T. Shankar1 • A. Rajesh1 • S. Fouziya Sulthana2
Springer-Verlag GmbH Germany, part of Springer Nature 2020
Abstract Femtocells are the feasible solutions to extend the network coverage of indoor users and to enhance the network capacity in long-term evolution advanced (LTE-A)-based 5G networks. However, the femtocell base station shares the same frequency spectrum of microcell base station in unplanned manner. Hence, interference mitigation is a crucial problem in densely deployed femtocell environment and it is more severe with the deployment of femtocells in LTE-A network. In this paper, a modified dirty paper coding is proposed for interference mitigation along with the optimization of feedback bits using natural inspired meta-heuristic firefly algorithm. The proposed meta-heuristic algorithm reduces the interference by periodically unicasting the channel state information. Since the bandwidth of feedback system is limited, it is optimized in such a way that it does not affect the performance of the system. As compared to the conventional zero-forcing pre-coding, the proposed modified dirty paper coding along with firefly algorithm scheme offers improved sum rate of 70% and 64% with increase in the number of feedback bits and number of users, respectively. Keywords Femtocell Firefly algorithm Modified dirty paper coding
1 Introduction Next generation wireless networks like long-term evolution advanced (LTE-A) provide enhanced network capacity and high data rate broadband services to users in an efficient manner. Recent studies about the wireless usage by the users show that nearly 50% of voice calls and more than 70% of data traffic originate from indoor environment. These types of users suffer from indoor coverage problems, which limit their data speed (Chandrasekhar et al. 2008). However, conventional microcell network hardly supports traffic from indoor users due to limited resources and high propagation loss. Also, indoor users require high power from serving microcell base station and if number of
Communicated by V. Loia. & A. Rajesh [email protected] 1
School of Electronics Engineering, Vellore Institute of Technology, Vellore 632014, India
2
Department of Mechatronics Engineering, Faculty of Engineering and Technology, SRM Institute of Science and Technology, Kattankulathur, Tamilnadu 603203, India
outdoor microcell base station (MBS) increases to address the power issue, then expenditure of operator increases. So, one of the promising solutions to the problem of indoor coverage and traffic is low power femtocell base station (FBS), which are installed by subscribers in home and business premises (Lin et al. 2011). Femtocells are low power and short-range base stations installed to provide cost-effective, high bandwidth, high data rate and improved quality of service (QoS
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